Juvenile Justice History

Before 5th century BC, children were responsible for all of their actions and were reprehensively responsible for violating the law. However, the punishments that were given to those children were not as severe as those given to adults. After the 5th century AD, children under the senesce of 7 would not be held accountable for criminal actions. Children surrounded by the ages of 7 to puberty were held liable because they knew the difference between just and wrong. (Juvenile Justice in Historical Perspective , 2007) Children were thought to be infants and lacked enough wisdom to know what the consequences of their actions would be therefore they were not held accountable for any misdemeanors.
Then in the early 1800s, children were cognise to be less developed than adults. There were no speciality between societys response to criminal offenses committed by news and adults (Austin, Dedel Johnson, & Gregoriou, 2000). Around 1825, there was a major miscellany regarding the separation of fresh and adult criminals and the separation of adult and novel courts. In 1899, Illinois passed the Juvenile Court Act of 1899 which brought the first juvenile court into action.



Furthermore, these courts began to grow throughout the states and instead of punishing juveniles; they desire a different approach through rehabilitation and sermon only seeking the best occupy of the juvenile. They were more kindle in the benefit of rehabilitation for the child versus the best interest of the community.
Programs and treatment centers were established to begin the process of rehabilitation for juvenile offenders. Programs ran through the early 1990s and are still near today. One foundation, The Annie E. Casey Foundation, focused on children differently and supervised juvenile offenders instead of incarcerating them. This program was around in the 1990s and there was a minor decline in the youth evil rate (Locking Up Fewer Children, 2009).
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