Othello :: essays research papers

After reading Othello by Shakespeare over about 3 times, I came to feel sorry for a man that I can easily say was gulled into tragedy by his possess purity. I can see Othello as a man that could sit at the Round Table with King Arthur and rank among those wonderous knights of chivalry. At his end, he had nothing. The Duke calls Othello Valiant Othello (1057) Othello also stands ready to face Brabantio, Iago tells him to run. Othello - non I I must be found. My parts, my title and my perfect soul Shall manifest me rightly. (1054) As grand as his internal characteristics are, he also stumbles with his own susceptibility to become betrayed. Othello also has no sense of grey. He sees things are either good or evil. To Cassio, Othello Thy honesty and love doth mince this matter, making it imperfect to Cassio. Cassio, I love thee, But never more be officer of mine (1078) For his one transgression, Cassio is stripped of his rank and cast aside. Othello seems to place his trust in peopl e that have not demonstrated a reason to be mistrusted. Iago at no time gives cause to be mistrusted. Othello had to see the reason, something tangible. The external pressures on Othello are partially due to his being black. Iago starts his scheming of destruction using Othellos color against him, when he beckons Barbanito to action. Iago Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your lily-white ewe. Arise Arise (1051) This prejudice may have damaged his self-esteem, where he believed he was unworthy of Desdemona. Iago drops doubt in his mind, Othello begs for the suspicious thoughts. Othello By heaven, Ill issue thy thoughts. (1087) This opens the door to Iagos deceit. Iago O, beware my lord of jealousy which doth mock. (1087) Othello Farewell, Farewell,.. Set on thy wife to observe. Leave me, Iago. (1089) Here is where the splinter drives deeper. From this point, there is more falls of the cachet the fate of poor Othello. The mind bending Iago plants deep the see ds of wicked thoughts.

Cablevision Term Paper :: essays research papers

IntroductionFor the past twenty geezerhood my family has been subscribed to Cablevision for cable services. I sport enjoyed the eighty take and special movie take that they offer. The excellent service they have provided for many years only gets better. When Cablevision came out with IO digital cable my family upgraded. I no agelong have to go out and rent movies. Instead I now order them from the television. Instead of eighty channels there are now hundreds of channels to choose from. The variety of things to watch on my television is unlimited. Many of neighbors that used to have satellite television were unhappy with the service. I recommended them to switch over to Cablevision. When they do the switch they were extremely pleased with the service. My family also uses their service of Optimum Online for our computer. We used to have a dial up service that took forever until we upgraded to Optimum Online. The net is now extremely fast on my computer, and I have never had to wait for anything to load ever since. We also use Optimum voice which has so many options to use. There is enhanced voicemail, call waiting, and caller ID helps making phone calls better. I am a fan of the New York Rangers and the New York Knicks in which Cablevision owns. Ever since I was a little kid I would wear jerseys of the Knicks and Rangers and go to some of their games. Although I wish I had season tickets for both(prenominal) teams, I was still able to watch them play on television. Many people do not have the privilege of Cablevisions services. Instead they have satellite television which they think is much better than Cablevision. However, they are extremely wrong in making that statement. My neighbor had satellite television for three years and was fed up with it after those years. The best time to watch a good movie is when it is raining outside and there is nothing to do. The only trouble is that whenever it is raining or there is a storm outside, the satellite does not work properly. This causes everyone to be unable to watch television. With Cablevision you can watch you TV anytime you wish without any interruptions. As you watch TV you can watch the Knicks and Rangers play and call up your friends using Optimum Voice and tell them almost the great service Cablevision offers.

Investments Essay -- essays papers

InvestmentsINVESTMENT JOURNAL I started doing my seek in the Microsoft Network utilize the Custom Search feature in the Stock Screener. Since I was looking for a conservative line of merchandise to start with, the first restriction I assemble was that the stock be a member of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. I also wanted a Large- capital company so I put the marketplace Cap to be above 5 billion dollars. Another restriction I added was that its P/E ratio be the lowest possible and that the EPS grade to Year be above 13%. afterward running the search I got 20 matches. The top three were Exxon, SBC Communications and American Express. After researching them a bit more I decided that Exxon would be a good option because it was a solid company that had a pretty stable history. After analyzing its fundamentals and taking into account the rising prices of gasoline, I decided Exxon would be a good long-term investment. I bought 115 shares of Exxon at $43.36 The second sto ck I am looking for is a value stock. I want to get a good solid company and buy it for a bargain. The research I did in the Stock Screener was based on the value strategy we learned in class. In the Stock Screener I entered the following restrictions1)Market Cap * $500,000,0002)Return on Equity * Industry Average Return on Equity3)Return on Assets * ROA 5 year Average4) expenditure/ hold back Value * 15)P/E current * P/E current (Industry)6)Debt to Equity Ratio * 17)Previous Day Closing Price near 52 week low I got 10 results and researched each individual company using the research wizard. The company that I liked the most(prenominal) was Loews because it seemed like a good company with strong fundamentals. The company primarily deals with insurance through publicly traded subsidiaries. Other holdings include tobacco, hotels(US and Canada) and watchmaker Boluva. Even though it has the characteristics of a value company its growth potential and estimates are actually impress ive. I bought 120 shares of Loews at $53.01. Now that I had value in my portfolio I decided to look for a good growth stock that had a positive momentum recently outperforming the market. I still am not undisputable I want to invest in a technology stock because of their volatility and risk. I used a similar covering to the OShaughnessy Growth screen. The screen was almost identical but with a couple of minor alterations. I d... ...ommendation I read in Business Week. It was recommended as a good technology stock that dealt with both equipment and medicine. The company is called Strykers Corp. and it basically makes surgical products such as drills, saws, rasps and mixers. Orthopedic implants (including artificial joints, spinal rods, screws, and bone cement) account for nearly 60% of sales. The fundamentals of the stock are very good and the technical synopsis indicates it has been heavily oversold. The only negative I found in the stock analysis is that its P/E is high er than the industries and that the PEG is high also. Still I believe the company is going to do well in the near rising because it has new products coming out and good numbers are expected. I bought 300 shares of SYK at $55.00. The next transaction I made was one that was very different from my other transactions. I based my transaction on a clearstation.com e-mail report that was sent to me recommending that I short NVDA. I went directly to the stockcharts.com and canvass its chart. I decided to short the stock based on the information the chart provided (it was heavily overbought). I short-selled 100 shares of NVDA at $84.64.

Weapons of World War 2 Essay -- essays research papers fc

Weapons and Artillery of World state of war IIThe result of World War II was affected by many diverse factors. angiotensin converting enzyme major factor which affected the war was the weapons and heavy weapon used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly through step up the years. The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military History 1).World War II began in 1939 when the German armies decided to invade parts of Europe, therefore causing Europeans to retaliate against the Germans (World War 1). World War II began because those countries which were defeated in World War I (Germany, Italy, and Japan) were greatly devastated by the loss. Their countries were suffering from economical problems and were in addition left in bad conditions after World War I. They had lost much territory and instanter were practically in debt for the damages which they had done during the war (1). These countries figured that the only way for them to get out of economic depression and revive their unpolished was to lay down land from other countries, which was one of the crusades why the war began.The main countries which were involved in World War II were Germany, Japan, and Italy, which were known as the Axis Coalition, against the joined States, the Soviet Union, and many other countries. Overall World War II was seen as the most devastating war in human history. Each country had different types of weaponry and artillery which proved to be vital in the result of the war (World War 1).Many new and improved weapons and artillery were brought out during the war. One example of this introduction of new weapons was the long-range rocket. Also during this time the atomic bomb proved to have a big impact on the war. Along with these new and improved weapons, falls the infa mous tanks of World War II (Military History 1). Although some weapons proved to be more important than others, every(prenominal) weapon played an important role in fighting this war. Some of these smaller weapons include pistols and rifles.A majority of weapons used in World War II were improved weapons from World War II. Most guns increased in power and abilities. In World War II people thought that pistols were bootless but this was proved wrong due to the fact that the U.S. Mi... ...ilities of the tanks being penetrated were slim. Also there was an addition of an anti-craft gun which made it even more powerful and unbeatable (Slayton 103).The result of World War II had tragic results for Japan, Germany, and also Italy. The United States and the Allies came out victorious once again but the cost of war greatly affected all the countries. Germany, Japan, and Italy now have more debts to pay and also lost much of their territory once again. The war took many lives and also ende d up destroying many beautiful cities. World War II showed how not just the soldiers were affected in the war, but everyone in all the different countries were affected by the war. The fact that the result of World War II was affected by the weapons and artillery used throughout shows the importance of weapons and artillery. Without weapons or artillery there is no war. Without money there are no weapons or artillery. Without money there is no need for war because countries have no reason to go to war.Works CitedAnderson, Rich. The United States Army in World War II. Google.com. 20 January 2005 Slayton, Robert A. Arms of Destruction. New York Citadel Press, 2004.

Key Elements of Good Writing Style :: Writing Style Styles Essays

Key Elements of Good Writing Style by and by reading William Strunk Jr. and E.B. Whites The Elements of Style and Joseph M. Williams Style beyond Clarity and Grace, participating in hours of classroom discussion, and compose fiver short essays on the topic, Im struck by the complexity of evaluating writing mood. But I dont jockey why I should be amazed. Borne from the elaborate human thought process, we instinctively dress up our writing in thrift-store duds or Fifth Avenue c discloseure. Writing flairs express our identity element they are our language fingerprints the writers identity is exposed, and no devil zeals are exactly alike. However, the texts argue that a writing style isnt enduring inherent or learned tendencies locoweed be modified to set out good writing style. Developing an unambiguous definition of good writing style has been challenging. I have one sense that good style can only be defined by a reader. A case of you know it when you see it N ow thats good style. On the other hand, the texts clear show that good writing style can be defined by the writer through a rule-laden, detailed writing-construction process. With conscious effort, apparently I can choose to write in a good or spoilt writing style. So maybe the secret to good writing style requires the assumption of a split personality, to simultaneously assume the personas of both an imagined external sense of hearing and a writer of succinct, powerful prose. Considering both the audience and the writer, Ive summarized five significant components of good writing style culled from the Strunk and Whites and Williams texts to assist a writer in achieving good style Flow, Flow, Flow Your Boat trick up Your WritingThe first thing I did to write this essay was to map out a logical path to follow by creating the title and headings. Organizing a writing project is comparable to efficiently organizing your day figure out what require to be accomplished and prioritize. Without structure and forward thinking, youre not credibly to accomplish all your goals, and you might leave people unsatisfied along the way. Similarly, whole writing logically weaves topics and themes in a meaningful forward progression, within sentences, paragraphs and documents, to move the reader from beginning to end (Williams 82, 83).Key Elements of Good Writing Style Writing Style Styles EssaysKey Elements of Good Writing Style After reading William Strunk Jr. and E.B. Whites The Elements of Style and Joseph M. Williams Style Beyond Clarity and Grace, participating in hours of classroom discussion, and writing five short essays on the topic, Im struck by the complexity of evaluating writing style. But I dont know why I should be amazed. Borne from the elaborate human thought process, we instinctively dress up our writing in thrift-store duds or Fifth Avenue couture. Writing styles express our individuality they are our language fingerprints the writers identity is exposed, and no two styles are exactly alike. However, the texts argue that a writing style isnt unchangeable inherent or learned tendencies can be modified to become good writing style. Developing an unambiguous definition of good writing style has been challenging. I have one sense that good style can only be defined by a reader. A case of you know it when you see it Now thats good style. On the other hand, the texts clearly show that good writing style can be defined by the writer through a rule-laden, detailed writing-construction process. With conscious effort, apparently I can choose to write in a good or bad writing style. So maybe the secret to good writing style requires the assumption of a split personality, to simultaneously assume the personas of both an imagined external audience and a writer of succinct, powerful prose. Considering both the audience and the writer, Ive summarized five significant components of good writing style culled from the Strunk and Whites and Williams texts to assist a writer in achieving good style Flow, Flow, Flow Your Boat Organize Your WritingThe first thing I did to write this essay was to map out a logical path to follow by creating the title and headings. Organizing a writing project is comparable to efficiently organizing your day figure out what needs to be accomplished and prioritize. Without structure and forward thinking, youre not likely to accomplish all your goals, and you might leave people unsatisfied along the way. Similarly, satisfying writing logically weaves topics and themes in a meaningful forward progression, within sentences, paragraphs and documents, to move the reader from beginning to end (Williams 82, 83).

Key Elements of Good Writing Style :: Writing Style Styles Essays

Key Elements of Good pen Style After practice session William Strunk Jr. and E.B. Whites The Elements of Style and Joseph M. Williams Style Beyond uncloudedness and Grace, participating in hours of classroom discussion, and paper five short essays on the topic, Im struck by the complexity of evaluating make-up style. exclusively I dont know why I should be amazed. Borne from the puzzle out human thought process, we instinctively dress up our theme in thrift-store duds or Fifth Avenue couture. Writing styles express our individuality they atomic number 18 our language fingerprints the sources identity is exposed, and no two styles be exactly alike. However, the texts argue that a writing style isnt unchangeable intrinsical or learned tendencies fire be modified to become erect writing style. Developing an unambiguous definition of good writing style has been challenging. I have one sense that good style can altogether be defined by a reader. A case of you kno w it when you recognise it Now thats good style. On the other hand, the texts clearly give tongue to that good writing style can be defined by the writer through a rule-laden, detailed writing-construction process. With conscious effort, apparently I can choose to write in a good or bad writing style. So maybe the secret to good writing style requires the arrogance of a split personality, to simultaneously assume the personas of both an imagined external audience and a writer of succinct, powerful prose. Considering both the audience and the writer, Ive summarized five solid components of good writing style culled from the Strunk and Whites and Williams texts to assist a writer in achieving good style Flow, Flow, Flow Your Boat Organize Your WritingThe first thing I did to write this essay was to map out a logical path to follow by creating the title and headings. Organizing a writing project is comparable to efficiently organizing your day figure out what need s to be fulfiled and prioritize. Without structure and forward thinking, youre not likely to accomplish all your goals, and you might leave people unsatisfied along the way. Similarly, satisfying writing logically weaves topics and themes in a meaningful forward progression, within sentences, paragraphs and documents, to impel the reader from beginning to end (Williams 82, 83).Key Elements of Good Writing Style Writing Style Styles EssaysKey Elements of Good Writing Style After reading William Strunk Jr. and E.B. Whites The Elements of Style and Joseph M. Williams Style Beyond Clarity and Grace, participating in hours of classroom discussion, and writing five short essays on the topic, Im struck by the complexity of evaluating writing style. But I dont know why I should be amazed. Borne from the elaborate human thought process, we instinctively dress up our writing in thrift-store duds or Fifth Avenue couture. Writing styles express our individuality they are our language fingerprints the writers identity is exposed, and no two styles are exactly alike. However, the texts argue that a writing style isnt unchangeable inherent or learned tendencies can be modified to become good writing style. Developing an unambiguous definition of good writing style has been challenging. I have one sense that good style can only be defined by a reader. A case of you know it when you see it Now thats good style. On the other hand, the texts clearly show that good writing style can be defined by the writer through a rule-laden, detailed writing-construction process. With conscious effort, apparently I can choose to write in a good or bad writing style. So maybe the secret to good writing style requires the assumption of a split personality, to simultaneously assume the personas of both an imagined external audience and a writer of succinct, powerful prose. Considering both the audience and the writer, Ive summarized five significant components of good w riting style culled from the Strunk and Whites and Williams texts to assist a writer in achieving good style Flow, Flow, Flow Your Boat Organize Your WritingThe first thing I did to write this essay was to map out a logical path to follow by creating the title and headings. Organizing a writing project is comparable to efficiently organizing your day figure out what needs to be accomplished and prioritize. Without structure and forward thinking, youre not likely to accomplish all your goals, and you might leave people unsatisfied along the way. Similarly, satisfying writing logically weaves topics and themes in a meaningful forward progression, within sentences, paragraphs and documents, to move the reader from beginning to end (Williams 82, 83).

Early English Law Essay

Early English law sought not still to deter crime and immoral behaviour but to exert social control, particularly over the lesser mortals, nothing changes. Crimes committed in primordial England ar not much different to the crimes committed today, although the punishments given are very different. Our methods today for punishment no longer use barbaric methods such as hanging, stoning, burning, drowning, decapitation and the breaking of the neck for serious crimes nor do we amputate , blind, scalp and brand for the lesser crimes committed.Instead we send offenders to prison for the serious crimes and fine/ confederation service for the lesser crimes committed. Abduction, murder, rape, robbery, damage to property and assault are still punishable today but adultery and slaves are no longer offences out-of-pocket to society changes. To exert social control early English law stated any somebody who tried to escape pursuit or to consummation in self-defence could be cut down irrespe ctive of the magnitude of the suspected offence or the age or sex of the suspected offender this can be said for today if a suspect were to run from a crime.In Aethelberts codes that all men were not equal in front the law, and even less so in the case of women does not extend to today as far as the law is today, all men and women are equal regardless of colour, race, age or gender. Early English law did not have prisons and fines were determined by social status, the higher up the person was the less they had to pay. The king did not have the expense in maintaining prisons as as far as he was concerned compensation rather than incarceration was eminently satisfactory method of dealing with crime.Substantial proportion of fines and confiscations were claimed by him, crime did pay as far as the crown was concerned. Today, fines could not be considered for crimes such as rape and murder. Another method of early English law social control was that of hanging, stoning, burning, drownin g, decapitation and the breaking of the neck these would be make in public and people would come to watch the executions.Also, mutilation of limbs carried scars and offenders would have to live with this for the rest of their lives. This helped to exert social control as the executions and mutilations would act as a deterrent in that no one would want this to happen to them. None of these methods are done today. It is clear to see that there are no touchable comparisons to early English law and the law today. Today we have prisons and use fines to exert social control.We no longer use barbaric methods to enforce the law. Sentencing, fines and confederacy service today should be enough to discourage from people offending although in all societies offences do happen as they did back in early England but today we tend to help the offenders by counselling, fining and giving back to the community as in community services, whereas early England the punishments were grotesque. Death, mu tilation and maiming were acceptable methods of punishments and social control.

Qin dynasty Essay

In 247 B. C, the self-proclaimed first emperor butterfly of china put together an enormous army of soldiers to fight the wars that ravaged alone over china. The emperor seemed undefeatable and fearless, but deep inside he had a huge fear, that is death. A few years before he sensed the remnant of his life, Emperor Cheng decided to recreate his entire army out of clay to protect him in his passage to the underworld.Sacrifices had before been used for grand burials as such(prenominal) where the army would die along with the emperor, but in a time like such the emperor knew this would cause china to be vulnerable and did not want to sacrifice the grand empire he had created for most of his life. This thus led to the creation of the elaborate tomb of the terra cotta warriors and their king. The emperor may have seemed prudish to decide not to sacrifice anyone but the truth is many died in order for his wishes to be fulfilled. When he ordered the warriors to be made they did not as if by magic appear from the soil beneath his feet.In order for them to be made he commanded hundreds, if no thousands of skilled artisans to create them. for each one soldier needed to be different and represent a certain soldier. The artisans lives depended on these soldiers so the work ended up being quite elaborate and detailed. Each soldier, acrobat and archer, along with the horses, was all different, each with their own story to tell. They all had different expressions, stances, outfits, etc. Because of these intricate patterns and details, we can tell that these sculptors were not any joking matter. compassionate lives depended on each face, and tiny detail to be absolutely perfect and this was very complicated to do since each warrior was made using coiling method acting (based on archeological theories). No molds were being used, or anything that could make the job easier. An otherwise thing that the terra cotta warriors tell us about China during the Qin Dynasty is that a fter the emperor passed away he may have wanted to take his empire with him, thus the reason of the huge army as well as other things found in his tomb. Small scales of palaces and buildings he had ordered to be built were also found in his tomb.The reason why this may have happened may have been so that he would have something to rule over in the afterlife. In ancient China it was believed that you continued on into the afterlife as you were when you died, curiously where social status was concerned. The higher status you had in life, the closer to Shang Di (the Lord of the afterlife) you would be in the afterlife. Having a complete representation of his empire and the things he commanded, including the terra cotta army, allowed Qin to enclose the afterlife with a clear proof of his status that could not be challenged by the lord.The artificers that used the terracotta clay were often threatened to be hurt by the king. To make it impossible to be punished for little errors on th eir work, they made their signatures hard to find on the soldiers. One rule was set though The artist MUST put his name on the sculpture. Emperor Qin made it his duty to punish whoever didnt follow this rule, and would kill or mutilate over hundreds of the sculptors both year. With that stress on their shoulders, the workers had no room for error.They had to follow all the rules and could most definitely not stand up for others and themselves. That would be a death disapprobation in itself. Once the emperor Qin died, the citizenry made it their duty to seal his coffin properly so that he would remain well preserved. Despite the people not having to worry about the king, the people still feared the emperor coming back from the dead, and to the people an angry emperors soul would mean no-count luck to all the people of the Qin dynasty.

Human vs. Other Organisms Essay

Horse3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineDonkey3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineCommon zebra3 Valine, Glutamine, AlaninePig, cow, sheep3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineDog3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineGray whale3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineRabbit3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineKangaroo3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineChicken, turkey3 Isoleucine, Valine, GlutaminePenguin4 Isoleucine, Valine, Glutamine, 0Pekin duck2 Valine, GlutamineSnapping turtle3 Valine, Glutamine, AlanineRattlesnake4 Serine, Glycine, ThreonineBullfrog4 Valine, Glutamine, Alanine, CysteineTuna4 Alanine, Valine, Glutamine, AsparagineScrewfly fly5 Valine, Glutamine, Arginine, AlanineSilkworm moth8 Asparagine, Alanine, Asparagine, Valine, Glutamine, Arginine, Alanine, Alanine Tomato trump worm9 Asparagine, Alanine, Aspartic acid, Asparagine, Valine, Glutamine, Arginine, Alanine, Alanine Wheat10 Asparagine, Proline, Aspartic acid, Alanine, Alanine, Lysine, Threonine, Alanine, Aspartic acid, Alanine Rice9 Asparagine, Proline, Lysine, Alanine, Glutami c acid, Lysine, Threonine, Alanine, Aspartic acid Bakers Yeast11 Serine, Alanine, Lysine, Alanine, Threonine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine, Arginine, Glutamic acid, Leucine Candida Yeast13 Serine, Alanine, Lysine, Alanine, Threonine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine, Arginine, Alanine, Glutamic acid, Isoleucine, Alanine Neurospora14 Serine, Lysine, Alanine, Asparagine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine, Arginine, Alanine, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Glutamic acid, Glycine, GlycineReflection QuestionsSummarize your amino acid comparison in paragraph form. To guide your summary, reflect on the hobby questions.1.What does it mean when scientists say that living organisms piece of ground a universal heritable code? It means that all extinct organisms have all the same genetic code. 2.How does a universal genetic code relate to the hypotheses about the argument of life on Earth? The near-universal genetic code is that all extant things share some type of common ancestor. 3.How are self-replicating mole cules, such as RNA molecules in the RNA World hypothesis, essential to the most popular hypotheses about the origin of life on Earth? They reproduce, and could have been formed through abiotic chemistry on the early Earth. 4.How might similarities and differences in genetic codes, or the proteins built as a result of these codes, be used to determine how closely relate different species are? The more alike the letters are in a species, the more recent the ancestor was. If the ancestor was recent then the more alike the two different species will be. 5.Based on the amino acid succession data for the Cytochome-C protein, chimpanzees and humans share an identical coding sequence. What other species identified on the chart has a coding sequence that is most closely related to the humans and chimpanzees and most distantly related? Explain your answer

The importance of the meaning and measurement of “affordable” in the Affordable Care Act Essay

Affordable C be stageIntroduction The purpose of this paper is to research just n archaeozoic the superior general wellness cargon condition of the United States citizens. The paper in addition argues about the advantages of individual catch up withment of wellness amends as opposed to imperious redress. financial benefits of obamac atomic number 18 cheap c atomic number 18 Act be as well as illust enjoind d unmatchableout the paper. The paper also illustrate about the ascension cost of health allot in United States where the US has the graduate(prenominal)est health bid disbursement globally. The U.S health c atomic number 18 arrangement is also comp bed with separate brasss adopted by an differentwise(prenominal) create countries to show the pros and cons of the United States dodge. The paper describes also about PPACA and how it solves many another(prenominal) serious challenges which are faced by the small business owners such(prenominal) as lack of cheap fearfulnessage, rising health insurance be, circumscribed choice of health plans and escalating costs of health care. Affordable care Act refers to the healthcare domesticise police force in the United States. It is aimed at making health insurance and healthcare to be more available and more affordable to more the Statesn citizens. The act does this by new regulations, new rules and consumer protections the industry of healthcare, with establishing a marketplace purposed for insurance which is subsidized and also by expanding and reforming public programs on healthcare programs such as Medicaid and Medicare. Affordable care Act also incorpo pass judgment measures which are aimed at cut healthcare spending in United States. Many American citizens are oblivious(predicate) that since 2010 when the Affordable care Act became into law after(prenominal) being signed they bedevil been enjoying from the protections, rights and benefits of obamacare (Faria, 2012). Before t his Affordable care Act many small businesses and embarrassed and pith income earning American citizens found it challenging to afford healthcare for their families and also for themselves (Burkhauser & Lyons, 2011). In the past the many sick passel were denied health intervention or keepage with diminutive right for appealing. insurance policy companies charged individuals more on alkali of their health status where women were required to pay elevated-pitcheder rates. Affordable care Act entails provisions which are aimed at solving all these challenges. Obamacare gives plagia shew to clear fiscal benefits for all stakeholders the government, the individual and the insurance companies.BODYMacroeconomic angleNon return on high healthcare expenditureAmericas high healthcare expenditure United States expenditure on health care is rattling high becoming a striking concern however it is the medical expenditure growth rate and not its level which determines the pecuniary sec urity of United States. United States expenditure exceeds partnerless -sixth of the economy of the country and the percentage keep rising every twelvemonth. Unfortunately, this system does not deliver evaluate to match the annual health care expenditure totaling to approximately 2.7 trillion dollars. Experts claims that approximately 20% to 30% of that spending which totals to about 800 billion dollars annually is exhausted on care that is inefficient, redundant and wasteful (Miller, 2001). This rise in healthcare expenditure harms the country in many ways. For seniors and families, the increasing medical care cost means increase expenses making them to make labored choices regarding to rent, needed care and balanced food. For the local, state and federal governments, increasing health costs import to higher Medicaid and Medicare costs, and decreased backing on key priorities uniform education, public safety and infrastructure (Oberlander, 2012). For the fortune 500 employer s and small businesses these costs makes it challenging for them to add new workers, maintain retiree coverage becomes a great challenge for them and they are unable to compete in world economy. The net outcomes of increasing health care costs are ominous and far orbit increase costs for health insurance, erosion of global competitiveness, fraying of nations safety net and fiscal insolvency which is long-standing. Although health reform law has made valuable steps in spreading out coverage, more efforts should also be directed to reducing the increasing healthcare cost (Sade, 2012).Comparison with other developed nations U.S health care expenditure is the highest compared to other nations yet the American citizens experiences more illnesses and die sooner compared to citizens from other developed countries. United States is ranked 37th rank out of 191 nations according to the world health organization (WHO) health care systems rankings. This means that despite the fact that the united states citizens spends a lot of money on healthcare and the cost is let off increasing however they are offered product which is ranked 37th position in quality. When canvass United States with other nations which are developed, it is evident that America performs poorly on infant mortality rate and conduct expectancy. Also United States tops list of deaths which are perceived to be preventable when diagnosed early and adequate early care is administered. Typical American citizen has very few doctor appointments annually compared to citizens from other nations but yet spends more for this privilege. When U.S citizen is admitted one day in a hospital, it would 5.6 time more when compared to what it would cost a Japan citizen. Also United States top all other developed nations in healthcare cost where it spends 8,233 dollars more per individual annually than other developed nations, although 47 one million million of those U.S citizens are still uninsurable ( Hodge, Aria s and Ordell, 2011). The figure $8,233 per citizen annually worn-out(a) by united states is over two and a half times more compared to what other developed countries spend per citizen annually globally including Europeans nations which are relatively rich such as united kingdom, Sweden and France. On an advanced global scale, it is clear that health care costs of United States represents 17.6% of the nations GDP. fit in to reports from OECD (organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) which is an international economic group which consists of 34 member countries, American citizens are not getting what they expect. United States has fewer physicians per individual compared to most other OECD nations. For example United States had 2.4 physicians per 1000 citizens in 2010 which is under 3.1 which is OECD average. In 2009, the hospital beds number in United States was 2.6 per 1,000 individuals which is lower than 3.4 beds which is OECD average. Between 1960 and 2010, Lif e expectancy in the U.S increased by approximately nine geezerhood however those historic period were few compared to Japan where there was an increase of 15 years and also it was below 11 years which the average in OECD nations. Also, in 2010 the average U.S citizen lived 78.7 years which is below 79.8 years which is the average. However, United States tops globally in the crabby person treatment and health care research, for example. The breast cancer natural selection rate is very high in United States compared to other OECD nations and also U.S is among the best in option from colorectal cancer.The poor general health condition of American citizens United States citizens spend a lot of money on healthcare and the cost is still increasing however they are offered product which is ranked 37th position in quality. This means that Americans are offered poor general health care. U.S healthcare system does not deliver respect to match the annual health care expenditure totaling to approximately 2.7 trillion dollars. Experts claims that approximately 20% to 30% of that spending which totals to about 800 billion dollars annually is spent on care that is inefficient, redundant and wasteful. Also United States tops list of deaths which are perceived to be preventable when diagnosed early and adequate early care is properly administered. The leading cause of disability and death in United States is the chronic sicknesss. They lead to 7 out of 10 deaths annually. Stroke, cancer and heart disease leads to more than 50% of all deaths annually. Out of 107 million American citizens approximately 1 out of every 2 adults of age(p) 18 or much older had at least 1 of 6 reported chronic ailments which includes asthma, arthritis, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonic disease. Typical American citizen has very few doctor appointments annually compared to citizens from other nations but yet spends more for this privilege. When U.S cit izen is admitted one day in a hospital, it would 5.6 times more when compared to what it would cost a citizen from other nations. When comparing United States with other nations which are developed, it is evident that America performs poorly on infant mortality and life expectancy. United States has fewer physicians per individual compared to most other OECD nations. In 2009, the hospital beds number in United States was 2.6 per 1,000 individuals which is lower than 3.4 beds which is OECD average. These facts from various researches shows that American citizens experiences poor general health condition despite the fact that they spend the highest add on healthcare but they end up getting poor quality compared to other developed countries. Therefore, it is evident that despite the fact that although America is among wealthiest countries globally however, it is far from becoming the healthiest nation (Sage, 2011).The nine health domains studied by Committee on Population, and Board o n Population Health and Public Health Practice.When United States is compare with peer nations which are average America is ranked poorly in the following nine health domains.Adverse birth results For many years America has experience huge infant mortality rate of high income nations and also ranked poorly on other birth results, like low birth weight. Kids in America are unlikely to live to age 5 compared to kids in other nations with high incomes.Injuries and homicides Violence, deaths emanating from motor vehicle accidents and injuries which are not related to transportation occur at much more usually in U.S than in other nations and are a primary cause of deaths in kids, young adults and adolescents. Since 1950s, Young adults and adolescents in United States have died at an horrify rate from homicide and traffic accidents than in other nations.Sexually transmitted infections and Adolescent pregnancy since 1990s , among all the developed nations the united states adolescents ha ve had high chances of acquiring infections which are sexually transmitted and also have the highest number of pregnancies.human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS America is the warrant leading nation among 17 peer nations with high pervasiveness of HIV infection.Drug-related mortality united states lose more life years to alcohol and also other drugs compared to individuals from peer nations, even after excluding deaths emanating from drunk driving.Diabetes and Obesity For many years America has experienced the highest rates of obesity among the developed nations. High particular rates for obesity are experienced in United States kids and also in every age group subsequently. From 20 years onward the adults in America have among the highest occurrence rates of diabetes among peer nations.Heart disease Death rate in America emanating from ischemic heart disease is second leading among the 17 peer nations. Citizens from united states luck into age 50 with less favorable cardiovascul ar risk profile compared with their peers in Europe and also adults aged over 50 years have higher chances of ontogeny and dying from cardiovascular disease compared to older adults in developed nations.Chronic lung disease Lung disease are more common and linked with high mortality rates in America compared to UK and other European nations.Disability older adults in United States depicts higher occurrence of activity limitations and arthritis compared to their counterparts in Japan, UK and other European nations (Sade, 2012).Comparison with other developed nations For many years, Violence, deaths emanating from motor vehicle accidents and injuries which are not related to transportation occur at much more commonly in U.S than in other nations and are a primary cause of deaths in kids, young adults and adolescents. Since 1950s, Young adults and adolescents in United States have died at an alarming rate from homicide and traffic accidents than in other nations. America has experienc e huge infant mortality rate of high income nations and also ranked poorly on other birth results, like low birth weight. Kids in America are unlikely to live to age 5 compared to kids in other nations with high incomes (Majette, 2011). since 1990s , among all the developed nations the united states adolescents have had high chances of acquiring infections which are sexually transmitted and also have the highest number of pregnancies. America is the second leading nation among 17 peer nations with high pervasiveness of HIV infection. united states lose more life years to alcohol and also other drugs compared to individuals from peer nations, even after excluding deaths emanating from drunk driving. For many years America has experienced the highest rates of obesity among the developed nations. High occurrence rates for obesity are experienced in United States kids and also in every age group subsequently. From 20 years onward the adults in America have among the highest occurrence r ates of diabetes among peer nations. Death rate in America emanating from ischemic heart disease is second leading among the 17 peer nations. Citizens from united states attain age 50 with less favorable cardiovascular risk profile compared with their peers in Europe and also adults aged over 50 years have higher chances of developing and dying from cardiovascular disease compared to older adults in developed nations. Lung disease is more common and linked with high mortality rates in America compared to UK and other European nations. Older adults in United States depicts higher occurrence of activity limitations and arthritis compared to their counterparts in Japan, UK and other European nations (Sade, 2012).Financial acknowledgment for system overhaul United States healthcare system in not universal, where some people benefits more from the system compared to others. This system does not deliver value to match the annual health care expenditure totaling to approximately 2.7 trill ion dollars. The Experts claims that approximately 20% to 30% of that spending which totals to about 800 billion dollars annually is spent on care that is inefficient, redundant and wasteful. United States top all other developed nations in healthcare cost where it spends 8,233 dollars more per individual annually than other developed nations, although 47 million of those U.S citizens are still uninsured. This necessitates an overhaul of the entire healthcare system which is both complex and gigantic. When comparing America healthcare system to Dutch system there are many improvements that are required in suppose for the US system to be successful. Some of these improvements should be move to make it transparent and simpler for consumers to procure health insurance easily through combative regulation of the insurance marketplace in such a flair that the products are universal. Obamacare has four types of ingrained insurance packages which includes platinum, gold, silver and br onze. Dutch system has just one type of package for fundamental insurance. The system should not detach some applicants by charging them higher premiums depending on their age, health status, gender and just like Dutch system they should charge all the applicants the same monetary value. Under the obamacare system the older applicants are vatical to pay three times as much in terms of premiums than the young ones. This means in obamacare system an applicant is supposed to input and then verify their age in order for their charge to be determined. The system in US should be modified to be transparent where consumers should be allowed to compare costs and buy insurance through private sector portal websites instead of government run website. This pull up stakes led to an aggressive way of restructuring and regulating the private sector industry as consumers depart be able to compare the prices and decide which insurance to buy and so reducing consumer exploitation and increasing transparency. In this way the government will be able to slew the rising healthcare costs and the number of the insured citizens will increase (Pipe, 2013).Microeconomic angle Opposing find outs and rebuttalsThe individuals point of viewThe individual mandate imperious insuranceOpposing view exacting insurance places monetary perfume on citizens Universal healthcare system where compulsory insurance is introduced to everyone would do more harm to the citizens due to the financial burden it would implicate to the citizens. This would give the insurance companies a chance to increase the premiums since government will not be able to cover everyone where some people will be coerced to purchase insurance from the private sector insurance companies since it is a compulsory insurance. The poor and low income earners would be required to dig deep into their pockets and purchase the insurance despite the fact that insurance premiums are rising. During presidential campaign in 2008, p resident Barrack obama who was then a Democrat senator assured American citizens to improve the health care where he claimed that 47 million American citizens were not in a financial position to afford health insurance. He instead advocated for creation of government run, federally administered health care system where people would pay individually for their health care and insurance instead of compulsory insurance which overburdened the poor. He also explained that people could be offered subsidized government coverage making insurance affordable to many. Requiring for citizens to buy mandatory health care insurance from private companies at any price they decide to charge will be this instant overburdening the citizens while promoting the insurance industry. This is because insurance premiums rise faster than income thus reducing the disposable income of the citizens. For the poor and those who earn low incomes they will be forced to choose low premium plans which have high deduc tibles and co-payments. This is because they cannot afford the best plans due to high premiums. Therefore many poor citizens will be left with healthcare insurance which is unaffordable to use but they are mandated to purchase such insurance anyway Compulsory insurance is extremely regressive and in some cases the mandated insurance plus the co-payments can add up to well-nigh a third of the income which is a great financial burden to the citizensrebutter 1 The health promotion theory of insurance Health promotion refers to the apostrophize of allowing people to increase power over the health determinants thus improving their health. It is the most sustainable, efficient, effective and ethical shape up to attaining good health. PPACA invests in research to separate relative value of healthcare procedures. PPACA solves many serious challenges which are faced by the small business owners such as lack of affordable coverage, rising health insurance costs, limited choice of health p lans and escalating costs of health care. PPACA is highly popular as the most fundamental health care statute law since establishment of Medicaid and Medicare about 10 years ago. The act was enacted in 2010 and it was aimed at taking effect in phases in a period of 8 years and incorporates reforms like expansion of Medicaid eligibility, subsidizing of insurance premiums, providing businesses with incentives to offer health care benefits and prohibiting the insurers from denying some applicants coverage for the pre-existing conditions. It persuades states to introduce exchanges of health care where small businesses and adults who are uninsured can purchase insurance from a variety of the private insurers. One element of PPACA is promoting comparative effectiveness research. This is aimed at comparing treatment options which are available. The philia benefit of PPACA is to reduce the number of the uninsured individuals and providing them with high value healthcare (Gray & Sullivan, 2011). It uses a mixture of subsidies, assess credits and mandates in back up people and corporations on buying coverage and also it protects applicants who are hard to insure including those who possess conditions which are pre-existing. Other elements of decree will be aimed at support demo ground decision making and improving healthcare practices. United States tops globally in the cancer treatment and health care research by PPACA, for example. The breast cancer excerpt rate is very high in United States compared to other OECD nations and also U.S is among the best in survival from colorectal cancer thus ensuring high value healthcare. The comparative effectiveness research (CER) involves a board which lowers overall expenditure through find out which procedures, treatments and medicines which are most perfect, their price tags and identifying those who overlook justifying identifying the evidence based health benefits. Through PPACA as the acknowledgement Medicare has been successful in rewarding certain health coverage providers and punishes some providers on soil of value of care. Through PPACA Medicare is required to measure mental process and change payments of providers on basis of scoring system in its current value based purchasing program (Skocpol, & Williamson, 2011).PPACA promotes consumption of high value healthcare. The core benefit of PPACA is to reduce the number of the uninsured individuals and providing them with high value healthcare. It uses a mixture of subsidies, tax credits and mandates in encouraging people and corporations on buying coverage and also it protects applicants who are hard to insure including those who possess conditions which are pre-existing. Other elements of regulation will be aimed at encouraging evidence based decision making and improving healthcare practices. Through PPACA as the acknowledgement Medicare has been successful in rewarding certain healthcare providers and punishes some providers on basi s of value of care. PPACA solves many serious challenges which are faced by the small business owners such as lack of affordable coverage, rising health insurance costs, limited choice of health plans and escalating costs of health care. Through PPACA Medicare is required to measure performance and change payments of providers on basis of scoring system in its current value based purchasing program. PPACA is highly popular as the most fundamental health care legislation since establishment of Medicaid and Medicare about 10 years ago. The act was enacted in 2010 and it was aimed at taking effect in phases in a period of 8 years and incorporates reforms like expansion of Medicaid eligibility, subsidizing of insurance premiums, providing businesses with incentives to offer health care benefits and prohibiting the insurers from denying some applicants coverage for the pre-existing conditions. It persuades states to introduce exchanges of health care where small businesses and adults who are uninsured can purchase insurance from a variety of the private insurers. One element of PPACA is promoting comparative effectiveness research. This is aimed at comparing treatment options which are available. The comparative effectiveness research (CER) involves a board which lowers overall expenditure through determining which procedures, treatments and medicines which are most ideal, their price tags and identifying those who ignore justifying identifying the evidence based health benefits. United States tops globally in the cancer treatment and health care research by PPACA, for example. The breast cancer survival rate is very high in United States compared to other OECD nations and also U.S is among the best in survival from colorectal cancer thus ensuring high value healthcare (Kotlikoff, 2007).Rebuttal 2 The financial security model of health insurance Individuals financial risk due to unlooked-for illness indemnity companies childs mould a great role in managing the risk of individuals. These companies enable individuals to role their liability through syndicateing the personal risk and economic aid them through reducing chances of facing financial desolation. Due to many risks that individuals faces on a daily basis, these insurance companies have advanced over the years to dally the needs of the average human beings and have come up with distinguishable products and policies which covers almost entire risks. These companies normally provide financial coverage of loss that a certain person is expected to suffer as a result of unlooked-for events thus reducing the effects of a certain event. They compensate the financial damage and people whose peril can be pooled. An individual who fatality to be insured is expected to pay a premium which is dependent on the probability of the event occurring where high probabilities will lead to high premiums. In a case of health insurance the insurance is able to insure individuals through pooling the risk of illness. The health care cost is easily balanced in the pool since some individuals go through life devoid of catching a cold whereas others have to spend many dollars for treatment. The act of pooling the peril with other individuals is a prudent decision since no individual is able to predict what their health will be, and also how much they will have to pay in order to be treated. It is therefore advisable for individuals to pay for their individual health insurance to avoid financial challenges that may face them in case of unforeseen illness (Woolf & Aron, 2013) The escalating costs of health insurance prior to PPACA. PPACA solves many serious challenges which are faced by the small business owners such as lack of affordable coverage, rising health insurance costs, limited choice of health plans and escalating costs of health care. The core benefit of PPACA is to reduce the number of the uninsured individuals and providing them with high value healthcare. It uses a mix ture of subsidies, tax credits and mandates in encouraging people and corporations on buying coverage and also it protects applicants who are hard to insure including those who possess conditions which are pre-existing. Other elements of legislation will be aimed at encouraging evidence based decision making and improving healthcare practices. Before PPACA the health insurance costs were very high and still escalating year after year. This was as a result of requiring citizens to buy mandatory health care insurance from private companies at any price they decide to charge which directly overburdening the citizens while promoting the insurance industry. This made insurance premiums to rise faster than income thus reducing the disposable income of the citizens. The number of uninsured Americans was very high where 47 million American citizens were not in a financial position to afford health insurance. President obama was against this and he launched PPACA aimed at reducing the escala ting health insurance costs. He also advocated for creation of government run, federally administered health care system where people would pay individually for their health care and insurance instead of compulsory insurance which overburdened the poor. He offered subsidized government coverage making insurance affordable to many. PPACA reduced the rising costs of health insurance which resulted to increased number of people who were insured (Hofer, Abraham, & Moscovice, 2011).Cost-sharing requirements under older health insurance regime. There was a universal insurance regime where every person was supposed to be responsible for his or her health insurance. This regime required citizens to buy mandatory health care insurance from private companies at any price they decide to charge which directly overburdening the citizens while promoting the insurance industry. This made insurance premiums to rise faster than income thus reducing the disposable income of the citizens. The number o f uninsured Americans was very high where 47 million American citizens were not in a financial position to afford health insurance. The insurance market place was not controlled by government which gave the insurance companies a chance to raise the premiums. Every individual was required to be cover where those who did not have a cover were faced by financial fines.Non-insurance or under-insurance as result of the above This healthcare coverage approach made many people who were unable to pay the good plans to opt for the buying covers that were not helpful to them just because they wanted to fulfill the requirement. Many other people were unable to purchase any cover as a result of increased premiums as a result of uncontrolled insurance marketplaces. Also, most of the people were under insured due to financial constraints. This made many people in reality to be non -insured since the covers they purchased could not be used to compensate them during an event of illness. Also those who were under insured were not able to get fully compensation in an event of illness. Therefore, this led to poor general healthcare situation for many citizens (Hoffman, 2011). PPACA places reasonable limits on financial insecurity due to health hazards PPACA is aimed at reducing the number of the uninsured individuals and providing them with high value healthcare. It uses a mixture of subsidies, tax credits and mandates in encouraging people and corporations on buying coverage and also it protects applicants who are hard to insure including those who possess conditions which are pre-existing. Other elements of legislation will be aimed at encouraging evidence based decision making and improving healthcare practices. Through PPACA as the acknowledgement Medicare has been successful in rewarding certain healthcare providers and punishes some providers on basis of value of care. PPACA solves many serious challenges which are faced by the small business owners such as lack of afforda ble coverage, rising health insurance costs, limited choice of health plans and escalating costs of health care. Through PPACA Medicare is required to measure performance and change payments of providers on basis of scoring system in its current value based purchasing program. PPACA is highly popular as the most fundamental health care legislation since establishment of Medicaid and Medicare about 10 years ago. The act was enacted in 2010 and it was aimed at taking effect in phases in a period of 8 years and incorporates reforms like expansion of Medicaid eligibility, subsidizing of insurance premiums, providing businesses with incentives to offer health care benefits and prohibiting the insurers from denying some applicants coverage for the pre-existing conditions. It persuades states to introduce exchanges of health care where small businesses and adults who are uninsured can purchase insurance from a variety of the private insurers (Hoffman, 2011). The comparative effectiveness r esearch (CER) involves a board which lowers overall expenditure through determining which procedures, treatments and medicines which are most ideal, their price tags and identifying those who ignore justifying identifying the evidence based health benefits. United States tops globally in the cancer treatment and health care research by PPACA, for example. The breast cancer survival rate is very high in United States compared to other OECD nations and also U.S is among the best in survival from colorectal cancer thus ensuring high value healthcare. One element of PPACA is promoting comparative effectiveness research. This is aimed at comparing treatment options which are available (Sade, 2012).Financial relief to the individual Insurance companies enable individuals to share their liability through pooling the personal risk and assist them through reducing chances of facing financial desolation. They play a great role in managing the risk of individuals and providing financial relief to individuals who are faced by a calamity which they had insured. These Due to many risks that individuals faces on a daily basis, these insurance companies have advanced over the years to meet the needs of the average human beings and have come up with different products and policies which covers almost entire risks. These companies normally provide financial coverage of loss that a certain person is expected to suffer as a result of unforeseen events thus reducing the effects of a certain event. They compensate the financial damage and people whose peril can be pooled. An individual who want to be insured is expected to pay a premium which is dependent on the probability of the event occurring where high probabilities will lead to high premiums. In a case of health insurance the insurance is able to insure individuals through pooling the risk of illness. The health care cost is easily balanced in the pool since some individuals go through life devoid of catching a cold whereas o thers have to spend many dollars for treatment. The act of pooling the peril with other individuals is a prudent decision since no individual is able to predict what their health will be, and also how much they will have to pay in order to be treated. It is therefore advisable for individuals to pay for their individual coverage to avoid financial challenges that may face them in case of unforeseen event.Rebuttal 3 The brute luck theory of health insurance Underwriting Insurers discrimination on the basis of unavoidable risk factors, resulting in high insurance costs The insurance companies look at many determinants when determining the premiums to be paid by the applicant for them to be covered for a certain risk. Some applicants are supposed to pay higher premiums due to their health status, gender, race, religion, national origin, age among other factor. For instance, older adults are asked to pay higher premiums by health insurance providers than the premiums expected for young adults and kids. In this regard the insurers charge different premiums depending with groups on basis of their risk. These health coverage providers categorize their insureds into different risk pools on basis of their differences in their risk probabilities (Hoffman, 2011).PPACA prohibits above-mentioned discrimination PPACA is against these discriminatory laws and requires the coverage providers to stop this discrimination and charge the applicants fairly without considering their pre-conditions. It protects applicants who are hard to insure including those who possess conditions which are pre-existing from this discrimination. This is aimed at ensuring that no one is penalized for their propensities and genetics or for factors and events which are beyond their control (Hoffman, 2011).Financial relief to the jinxed individual Insurance companies play a great role in managing the risk of individuals and providing financial relief to unlucky individuals who are faced by a calamity which they had insured. This is because they enable individuals to share their liability through pooling the personal risk and assist them through reducing chances of facing financial desolation. As a result of many risks that individuals faces on a daily basis, these insurance companies have advanced over the years to meet the needs of the average human beings and have come up with different products and policies which covers almost entire risks. These companies normally provide financial coverage of loss that a certain person is expected to suffer as a result of unforeseen events thus reducing the effects of a certain event. They compensate the financial damage and people whose peril can be pooled. An individual who want to be insured is expected to pay a premium which is dependent on the probability of the event occurring where high probabilities will lead to high premiums. In a case of health insurance the insurance is able to insure individuals through pooling the risk of illne ss. The health care cost is easily balanced in the pool since some individuals go through life devoid of catching a cold whereas others have to spend many dollars for treatment. The act of pooling the peril with other individuals is a prudent decision since no individual is able to predict what their health will be, and also how much they will have to pay in order to be treated. It is therefore advisable for individuals to pay for their individual coverage to avoid financial challenges that may face them in case of unforeseen event. This is because if they are unlucky they will be provided with financial relief by their health insurance providers (Hoffman, 2011)..The insurers point of viewOpposing views & rebuttalsObjection 1 & rebuttalObjection Insurance companies bottom lines hurt through limitations on deductibles, co-insurance and co-payments, and prohibition on underwriting. Employee expenses on cost sharing include coinsurance, deductibles and co-payments. Insurers companies a re experiencing unfavorable impact due to the limitations on co-payments, coinsurance, deductable and prohibition on underwriting as they increases the risks therefore increasing the amounts paid as compensation thus reducing their returns.Rebuttal 1 Insurers losses from reduced emolument margins mitigated through broadened node base Insurers losses from reduced margins can be reduced by increasing their customer base. This is because insurance use the pooling of risks approach where broadened customer base will result to high returns. This is because more customers will lead to more funds in funding pool of risks while the amount paid out to the unlucky individuals as compensation will be low than the premiums paid therefore leading to increased acquire margins. Also, increased broadened customer base also serves as a way of diversifying the risks.Rebuttal 2 View disproved by financial statements and stock market movements Such a view which is refuted by stock market movement an d financial statements should not be used and should be regarded as void. Stock movements are un predictable and an insurance attach to should not be forced to compensate an unlucky individual who loses unless such a claim is validated.Objection 2 & rebuttalObjection Compulsory bankers acceptance of foreseeable risks dirty burden on insurers PPAC protects the applicants from the insurers discrimination where the insurance companies are forced to accept foreseeable risks thus reducing the profit margins. This mandatory acceptance of these foreseeable risks will lead to increased expenses which are paid to the unlucky individuals as compensation which eventually leads to reduced returns. This act is unfair to the insurers since they should be given an opportunity to consider whether to accept or reject insuring individuals with foreseeable risks. This is because increase in amounts paid for these foreseeable risks as compensations will reduce the profits margins to an extent of mak ing losses which may lead to such companies deciding to exit the industry due to constant loss making. Rebuttal Insurers allowed to cover avoidable risks and discriminate on the basis of lifestyle choices Insurers should be allowed to discriminate based on lifestyle choices and underwrite avoidable risks. This is because the individual to be covered should be responsible. The fear that individuals may have that they may not be compensated if the risk was avoidable would prevent them from making choices which are reckless thus protecting the insurance companies from paying unfair amounts as compensation. Also individuals should be responsible and they should put necessary measures or efforts to ensure that the risk doesnt occur, so as not to overburden the insurance provider with expenses which are avoidable. In this regard individuals should be ready to bear the responsibilities for the consequences of their freely made decisions.Summing up & goal Affordable care Act also incorpor ates measures which are aimed at reducing healthcare spending in United States. Many American citizens are unaware that since 2010 when the Affordable care Act became into law after being signed they have been enjoying from the protections, rights and benefits of obamacare. Before this Affordable care Act many small businesses and low and middle income earning American citizens found it challenging to afford healthcare for their families and also for themselves. In the past the many sick people were denied health treatment or coverage with diminutive right for appealing. Insurance companies charged individuals more on basis of their health status where women were required to pay higher rates. Affordable care Act entails provisions which are aimed at solving all these challenges. The cost of health care in United States keeps rising year after year at an alarming rate. This rise in healthcare expenditure harms the country in many ways. For seniors and families, the increasing medical care cost means increased expenses making them to make hard choices regarding to rent, needed care and balanced food. For the local, state and federal governments, increasing health costs result to higher Medicaid and Medicare costs, and decreased funding on key priorities like education, public safety and infrastructure. For many years America has experienced the highest rates of obesity among the developed nations. High occurrence rates for obesity are experienced in United States kids and also in every age group subsequently. From 20 years onward the adults in America have among the highest occurrence rates of diabetes among peer nations. However, United States tops globally in the cancer treatment and health care research, for example. The breast cancer survival rate is very high in United States compared to other OECD nations and also U.S is among the best in survival from colorectal cancer thus ensuring high value healthcare. In conclusion, although obama care has been faced by many challenges however it has resulted to many benefits than costs. Before this Affordable care Act many small businesses and low and middle income earning American citizens found it challenging to afford healthcare for their families and also for themselves. In the past the many sick people were denied health treatment or coverage with diminutive right for appealing. Insurance companies charged individuals more on basis of their health status where women were required to pay higher rates. Affordable care Act entails provisions which are aimed at solving all these challenges. Although it have been faced by many challenges obamacare remains a good system which should not be done away with since it gives rise to clear financial benefits for all stakeholders the government, the individual and the insurance companies.ReferencesBurkhauser, R. V., & Lyons, S. (2011). The importance of the meaning and measurement of affordable in the Affordable finagle Act. Cambridge, Mass. National B ureau of Economic Research.Faria, M.A. (2012). ObamaCare Another step toward corporate socialized medicine in the US. Surgical Neurology International, Jan. 2012, 386+.Gray, B. J., & Sullivan, K. C. (2011). Provisions in the forbearing tax shelter and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). New York Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Hodge JG., Arias J., and Ordell, R. (2011). Nationalizing Health Care Reform in a Federalist System. Arizona State Law Journal, 42(4), 1245-1275.Hofer, A.N., Abraham, J.M & Moscovice, I. (2011). blowup of Coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and Primary Care Utilization. The Milbank Quarterly, 89(1), 6989.Hoffman, A.K. (2011). Three models of health insurance The conceptual pluralism of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 159(6), 1873-1954.Kotlikoff, L. J. (2007). The healthcare fix universal insurance for all Americans. Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press.Majette, G.R. (2011). PPACA and public health Creating a framework to concentrate on on prevention and wellness and improve the publics health. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 39(3), 366-379.Miller, E. A. (2001). The Affordable Care Act advancing long-term care policy in the United States. Norwood, NJ New Age International.Oberlander, J. (2012). The future of obamacare. The New England Journal of Medicine, 367(23), 2165-7.Pipes, S. (2013). The cure for Obamacare. New York Encounter Books.Sade, R.M. (2012). Introduction The health care reform law (PPACA) Controversies in ethics and policy. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 40(3), 523-525.Sage, W.M. (2011). Brand new law The need to market health care reform. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 159(6), 2121-2146.Skocpol, T. & Williamson, V. (2011). Obama and the work shift of U.S. public policy The struggle to reform health care. Arizona State Law Journal, 42(4), 1203-1232.Woolf, S.H., & Aron, L.Y. (Eds.) (2013). U.S. health in international perspective shorter lives, po orer health. Retrieved from http//www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13497.Source document

Against Space Program Funding Essay

Opening rumor The government uses approximately 17.6 billion dollars of the taxpayers bullion to fund NASA all(prenominal) year. We shouldnt be funding NASA that money when our economy is the hit its been since the Great Depression we get to focus and spend our money on the problems present on worldly concern. NASA hasnt done anything significant in space in days. And its incredibly risky and dangerous going up there.Arguments1)Our economy is the worst its been since the Great Depression, why are we even considering funding NASA 17.6 billion dollars when we start big problems here? Barack Obama, our soon to be President, agrees. We elected him so he must be doing something right with the changes he wants to make. Millions of Americans die from preventable diseases all because they dont abide healthcare, and millions more go to bed hungry at night because they cant afford to eat. If we took that 17 billion dollars and used to overhaul people get health insurance at least ou r cosmos would be a better place. Also, global warming & issues like that are happening. If those NASA scientists used their knowledge to figure out a way to better help the earth instead of space, wed be so much better off. 2)NASA hasnt made any kind of discovery in recent years thats been of any kind of use to us. Sure, finding out Pluto doesnt really count as a planet is cool and all, moreover how does that help us in anyway?It doesnt make a difference if we know how many planets there are right now, what matters is that we use our money to help stop destroying the Earth & try to fix the damage weve done. Its great that we have the technology and skills to travel into space, but its becoming unaffordable and we have bigger expenses on our hands. 3)Its incredibly risky and dangerous traveling to space. Remember the space shuttle Columbia tragedy? Also, the radiation on Earth and post is very different and the radiation in space can cause damage to human cells and possibly cancer . Osteoperosis is another risk. Because of microgravity, bones become brittle and a full recovery when arriving back on Earth may not occur. Space travel can also cause temporary and sometimes eternal hearing loss. And the biggest danger while in space? The debris that is constantly orbiting earthtravels at high speeds and can be deadly if collided with.Closing Statement Before we continue any more exploration in space, we need to focus on exploring the ways we can help the Earth. We dont need to spend 17 billion on NASA to find out facts that arent of great importance, to put the astronauts and people on the launch site in danger, and when we have so much work to do on Earth. The money will be better spent on fixing the economy and making the Earth a better place.

Advantages And Disvantages About Television Essay

How many hours a day do you watch television? Television has had a productive impact on everybodys life. This powerful appliance has become an addiction for most people. Children, teenagers, adults and also babies spend hours and hours in front of the screen. Nowadays, it cannot be denied that this technological window is one of the main massive media however not everything it offers is favorable. umteen advantages and disadvantages can be discussed ab forth the TV set.The main media of the cosmos has been and remains to be television. Many advantages can be accounted for this. First of all, news is broadcast around the world immediately. People are notified about politics, social problems, natural catastrophes, of any part of the world without delay. Moreover, entertainment programs are so popular events in peoples life that families enjoy a variety of top-rated TV shows and films without the necessity of going out from their houses. Last but not least, it is important to remark that educational programs can be imparted through this communication channel from which, even in the furthest places, a man could benefit from.On the other hand, there are also many drawbacks to TV. One of the main problems that current society has is sedentariness people spend as well many hours immersed in this world, what turns them into lazy beings, who will eventually shirk their duties. For children and babies propagation of outdoor activities seem to have finished, consequently the goggle box is now cognise as the mechanical nanny. At last, in the same way that this TV set imparts education, it also shows immoral programs, violence and an inappropriate use of language, which most of the times has a deep influence on every member of the human civilization.To my way of thinking there should be a control system on what television shows, or at least schedules specifying suitable timetables for some kinds of programs, not without forgetting that people must be conscious about th eir own use of this green goddess tube. Sedentariness sedentarismo. I took references from Oxford Dictionary.

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Essay

Intrinsic demand has been described in many ways. Amabile, Hill, Hennessey, and Tighe (1994) describe it as the motivation to engage in organize primarily for its avow sake, because the escape itself is interesting, engaging, or in some way satisfying (p. 950). According to Ryan and Deci (2000) subjective motivation refers to doing something because it is inherently interesting or enjoyable (p. 55). Pink (2009) defines intrinsic rewards as encompassing trey components Autonomy (the need to direct your witness life), Mastery (desiring to get rectify at something youre wild about) and purpose (the longing to be a part of something bigger and better). When all an employer pauperisms from an employee is compliance, the traditional concepts of management will work. In the matter that the employer jawks mesh topology, self-direction is much move. Amabile (1996), a professor at Harvard parentage School, asserts that Without intrinsic motivation, an individual will either not perform the activity at all, or will do it in a way that simply satisfies the adventitious goals (p. 7). This statement supports that for an employee to be engaged in what they argon doingand satisfied doing it, intrinsic motivators argon required. If your employees argon only completing the t intercommunicates given to them because you are motivating them with inessential rewards, it can be expected that when you take the reward away, they will no overnight be traveld to complete the work.EXTRINSIC MOTIVATIONExtrinsic motivation has been defined as Doing something because it leads to a separable outcome (Ryan & Deci, 2000) or the motivation to work primarily in response to something apart from the work itself (Amabile et al., 1994). An example of an extrinsic reward is when an organisation motivates their workers to perform by rewarding them with money, such as bonuses, change magnitude salaries, stock options or benefits. These rewards are easy to monitor as they stem from results. If an employee is following the organisational procedures and adhering to the rules, the manager can reward. If not, there will be no reward. Its a very common motivator for organisations as its easy to manage. They dont realise to think about how the employee feels or if he/she is cholerate about their job.It made sense for extrinsic motivators to work in older generations. Most employees had one job to do, with a simple set of tasks. For example, a bookkeepers job was to record all financial transactions in relevant journals, creating profit and loss statements balance sheets etc. They were assigned to those exact tasks. Today, we have programs care MYOB that does all of that work for us. We are no longer working in organisations where our jobs are routine. Our work has become more complex and more interesting. Workers today are looking for ways to use their minds and to be involved in bigger things than just monotonous tasks. Time magazine published an article stating that They generation Y just want to spend their time in meaningful and useful ways (T resultk, n.d.). Extrinsic rewards are not only bonnie less suitable for modern times, seek has shown that they can also decrease intrinsic motivation.consideration of reward effectuate reported in 128 experiments leads to the conclusion that tangible rewards tend to have a well negative effect on intrinsic motivation. Although rewards can control raftsbehaviour.reward contingencies undermine peoples taking responsibility for motivating or regulating themselves. (Deci, Koestner, & Ryan, 1999, p. 658-659)Extrinsic rewards can also cause people to lose interest completely in the activity. Decis research concluded that when money is used as an external reward for some activity, the subjects lose intrinsic interest for the activity (1971, p. 114). Furthermore, Amabile (1996) states that A number of studies have shown that a primarily intrinsic motivation will be more conducive to creativity than a primarily extrinsic motivation (p. 7).THE CANDLE PROBLEMThe candle problem was a behavioural study developed by psychologist Karl Duncker (1945). He had numerous people that he split into two groups. Both groups were given a candle, matches and a stroke of thumbtacks. Dunker told them to stick the candle to the wall in such a way that the wax wont melt onto the table and using only the materials given. The subjects commencement tried sticking the candle to the wall with the thumbtacks, it didnt work. Some tried to melt the side of the candle with the matches and adhere it to the wall but to no avail. afterwards a while both groups managed to figure out the solution stick the box to the wall with the thumbtacks, and put the candle at bottom it.A scientist named Sam Glucksberg (1962) create the candle problem but gave the subjects incentives. The send-off group were not offered a reward but told they were a part of a study to establish norms and see how long it takes the averag e person to solve the problem. The second group were offered different sums of money depending on how fast they solved the problem. It was recorded that the incentivised group took or so three and a half minutes longer than the non-incentivised group. This research defies every rule that says extrinsic motivators work. In their third edition Organisational Behaviour book, Wood et al. (2013) describe extrinsic rewards as cosmos positively valued work outcomes the individual receives from some other person in the work setting. They are important external reinforces or environmental consequences that can substantially influence peoples workbehaviours through the law of effect (p. 131). The candle problem with incentives has been copied for the past forty historic period and every time the incentivised group solved the problem the fastest.Glucksberg prepared the experiment again but this time he handed his subjects the materials separately. Instead of supplying the thumbtacks inside the box, he put them next to the box. For the first time ever the incentivised group beat the non-incentivised group. The results suggested that when the problem was made simpler, extrinsic motivators worked better. Extrinsic rewards usually only work for problems that have a simple set of tasks and a right answer. Workers today are more creative and conceptual and enjoy solving problems. When we have engine room that does most of the simple tasks for us, we spend more time trying to solve problems that have many possible answers.INTRINSIC MOTIVATION IN TODAYS WORKPLACE modern-day companies are finding and implementing ways to motivate their employees by using intrinsic rewards. The best example would be Google Inc. Google is renowned for their great benefits and modern offices. There are too many benefits to list them all but some include sleep pods, reading areas, swimming pools, free food, free rental cars if you need to run errands, and some even have on-site child care facilit ies. One motivator that benefited the gild and the employee is the 80/20 rule. Google dont want people to have to give-up the ghost the company to pursue their personal passions so every employee is to dedicate 80% of their time to their primary job, and 20% of their time working on passion projects that can help the company. Half the products released at Google were invented in the 20% time. E.g. Gmail, Chrome, Google News (Mediratta, 2007). Fortune magazine ranked Google as the number one company to work for in the world in 2012 and 2013 (100 Best Companies to Work For, n.d.) Its not hard to see why this is the case. Besides all of the above, Google has no real hierarchy (Mills, 2007). They have no official channels, only tiny work groups where ideas flow within the group. If an employee wants to work with another team they can without having to ask permission. While the intrinsic rewards are desirable enough, Google also offer very attractive extrinsic rewards suchas 100% paid maternity take for up to 18 weeks. Like Google, Atlassian, an Australian software company, introduced a quarterly system where an individual could use 20% of his/her time to work on their own ideas and present them at a meeting the next day. This was called the ShipIt Days (because it had to be de expectred by the next day). This one day of autonomy led to 47 intragroup projects being used within the software company that never would have emerged otherwise, and more than $2 million in sales (Smith, n.d.). Atlassian has also been in the swipe ten of BRWs best places to work for the last couple of years.Another example of autonomy in the workplace is ROWE (Results Only Work Environment). (What is Rowe, n.d.) writes how employees are evaluated on their outputs and what they achieve at the company, not how long or when they are working. As long as you get your work done, you can come in anytime, leave anytime, not come in at all and meetings are optional. Companies who have implement ed the ROWE human resources strategy have seen their productivity increase by 35% and their voluntary turnover dropped between 50% and 90% (Penttila, n.d.).Not-For-Profit (NFP) Organisations are another good example of how intrinsic motivators work to retain staff when they are being paid much less than people in the same position who are working for private companies. Frey (1997) suggested that once an employee receives a wage that is enough to live off, they take down to seek purpose in their work. A case study by Tippet & Kluvers (2009) researching motivation in NFP organisations showed that most employees were satisfied with their reconcile. This research shows that because they see their pay as sufficient, intrinsic motivation may be more of an importance. Pink asserts that Effective organizations compensate people in amounts and in ways that take on individuals to in the main forget about compensation and instead focus on the work itself (2009, p. 170). In other words, get the issue of money off the table first so employees arent feeling mistreated or de- cause, then focus on intrinsic motivators.LEADERSHIP APPROACHESThomas (2009) suggests that to increase intrinsic motivation you should beginto de-emphasise money as a motivating factor. By paying your employees fairly, but not offering monetary rewards, they will begin to achieve goals for the satisfaction. usually when you offer rewards employees may only just do what is asked of them, rather than going one step further. Organisations not only need to change the way they motivate their employees, they also need to realise that not everyone will be motivated by the same intrinsic reward. Ryan and Deci (2000) state that People are intrinsically motivated for some activities and not others, and not everyone is intrinsically motivated for any particular task (p. 56). As expected, humans do not have the same passions in life and the same goals, therefore we cannot expect them to be motivated by the sam e rewards.While Google Inc. has a wide range of benefits that should suit most employees, they have also employed a Chief Culture Czar whose main job is devoted to making sure everyone is happy. Google have an annual global take after that is focused on finding out how happy their employees are, and what its going to take to keep them with the company. The current CCC, Stacey Sullivan, has said of the survey career development is more of a focus than giving more stock options or increasing salaries (Mills, 2007).Thomas (2009) suggests identifying shared passions within an organisation so focus can be on achieving the desired goal. When passions are clarified and identified its much easier to pursue them in a systematic way. A team unifies when they discover that passion Aha, thats what we care about. Now lets go after it (Thomas, 2009, p. 155). Teammates are then likely to connect and see each other as partners with a shared purpose.For a leader to be successful in building employe e meshing within an organisation, they need to be aware of what drives them and how to manage their own intrinsic rewards. Thomas (2009) declares that Developing this skill helps you recognize the intrinsic rewards in your employees, gives you more credibility, and as a bonus helps you stay more engaged and energized (p. 193).Employee elaboratenessMany people define employee engagement differently, but according to Thomas (2009) employee engagement is the phrase used to describe the motivation needed in organisations today. In the 80s and 90s it was empowerment and in the 70s it was enrichment. As work becomes more demanding and supervision slackens the need for workers to be psychologically engaged (Thomas, 2009, p. 11) when performing their work is essential. Although employee engagement itself can be defined in many ways, Macey and Schneider assert that it is a desirable condition, has an organizational purpose, and connotes involvement, commitment, passion, enthusiasm, focus ed effort and energy (2008, p. 4). Thomas defines employee engagement as active self-management that has quaternion key intrinsic rewards the sense of meaningfulness, the sense of choice, the sense of competence, and the sense of progress. These four intrinsic rewards are the psychological vital signs of an engaged workforce (2009, p. 192).Employee engagement is valuable for any organisation as it can breed employee loyalty. When an employee is loyal they contribute to moving the company forward and help it reach its goals. Lockwood (2007) emphasizes the link of engagement to business success after a survey of 50,000 employees in 27 countries revealed that Organizations that have a highly engaged workforce were found to have almost 10 times as many committed, high-effort workers as those with a low-engaged workforce. The findings point to the manager as the most important enabler of employee commitment to the organization, job and work-teams (p. 9).CONCLUSIONThe effects of intrinsi c and extrinsic rewards have long been debated and will continue to be examined as psychologists and researches alike try and find the answer. This paper was intended to entrust the reader with a worthy argument as to why intrinsic motivators are becoming a more obvious style of management. There are many examples of organisations focusing on intrinsic motivators and the effect they have on the success of a company. As Pink (2009) suggests, while extrinsic rewards are becoming less relatable in modern times, they should not be thrown out altogether, as one must still be satisfied with their pay to allow intrinsic motivators to work. Theevidence readily available today should be enough to convince more organisations to introduce intrinsic motivation and decrease the importance of extrinsic rewards with their companies.REFERENCE LISTAmabile, T.M. (1996) Creativity and Innovation in Organizations. Harvard Business School 100 Best Places to Work For. n.d.. Retrieved from the CNN Money Website http//money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/best-companies/index.htmlDeci, E. L. (1971). Effects of externally arbitrate rewards on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18(1), 105-115Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R.M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668Drucker, P. F. (1974). Management Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices.Oxford, England Butterworth-HeinemannDunker, K. (1945). On fuss Solving. Psychological Monographs.Washington, DC American Psychological AssociationFrey, B.S. (1997). On the Relationship between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Work Motivation1. International Journal of Industrial Organisation, 15(4), 427-439Glatzeder, B., Goel, V., Meuller, A.C. (2010). Towards a theory of thinking. Retrieved from http//www.yorku.ca/vgoel/courses/3260/Goel_3260_articles/Article_7.pdfGlucksberg, S. (1962). The influence of strength of dri ve on functional fixedness and perceptual recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(1), 36-41. doi10.1037/h0044683Lockwood, N.R. (2007). Leveraging Employee Engagement for Competitive proceeds HRs Strategic Role. SHRM Research Quarterly Retrieved from http//198.22.197.80/Research/Articles/Articles/Documents/07MarResearchQuarterly.pdfMacey, W. H., Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1, 3-30 Mediratta, B. n.d.. The Google Way Give Engineers Room. Retrieved from the New York Times Website http//www.nytimes.com/2007/10/21/jobs/21pre.html?_r=0Penttila, C. n.d.. Off the Clock Flexibility is the workstyle of the future. Retrieved from the Entrepreneur Website http//www.entrepreneur.com/article/177070Pink, D. H. (2009). Drive. The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us.New York, USA Penguin Books LtdRyan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations real Definitions and New Directions. Contempor ary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67. doi10.1006/ceps.1999.1020Smith, F. n.d.. Is Atlassian the coolest company in Australia?. Retrieved from the BRW website http//www.brw.com.au/p/sections/features/is_atlassian_the_coolest_company_877SCYxXLwl7N9cNiMF6vJTippet, J., & Kluvers, R. (2009). Employee Rewards and Motivation in Non Profit Organisations Case Study from Australia. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 7.Trunk, P. n.d.. What Gen Y Really Wants?. Retrieved from the Time Magazine website http//www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1640395,00.htmlWhat is Rowe. n.d.. Retrieved from the Go Rowe Website http//www.gorowe.com/main/what-is-rowe/ Wood, J., Zeffane, R., Fromholtz,

Discourse Communities Essay

Marketing Discourse Community- most simply delimit as The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. from occupation dictionary. Marketers use cat valium language For example, 4 ps of marketing something used every twenty-four hour period and defines marketing. Learned the first day of intro to marketing class.Outsiders would not know what the 4 ps are.For different discrouse communities there needfully to be places they can all unite and come together to discuss their field Site I used was by a professional orginazation BMA BMA The Business Marketing Association (BMA) is a professional draw for business-to-business marketing professionals. It began in 1922 as the National Industrial Advertising Association. BMA now has more than than 2,200 members in 22 chapters in the US.This BMA site is a place where marketers all over the world meet too pound entropyShare informationBecome a memberFind speakersLearn about events theatrical role resources and forums and current buzzPromotiong Blaze global marketing put on by BMAThey say Our bill of fare believes b2b marketing is entering a new golden age, with marketers dealing with change (thus, opportunity) at blazing go and being asked to take on bigger roles to help blaze paths to greater collaboration, customer focus and growth. erect tell about this community they are very into getting better and getting more information VERY interesting for a marketing site it is very straightforward and neutral Not a big production and eye catching like marketing is known for To me this tells me they are very business like in this site and want to learn and communicate. Watch blaze video that incoroporates a stagger of marketing techniques (AIDA) attention interest desire actionFirst impression of siteWhite background, reddened header, black tabs underneath labeled with About, Press Room, Join BMA, Resources, Speakers Bereau, Chapters, Member Directory. Underneath the blaze vid eo and whence two columns.One has featured articles with a read more quick link for interested users. befriend column to the right has upcoming marketing events with the date, place and time for users. Then far right of knave has some different advertisements for viewers. Language of the home page is fairly simple and clear to all users. As navigate away from home page the design stays same but language becomes more specialized. Examples