Gossip, Lies and Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples

<h1> Gossip, Lies and Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples </h1> <h2>How to Choose Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples </h2> <p>Equip yourself with all that you're ready to. The world is loaded with sparkling items, and when you're driven by them, you wrap up not realizing why you're doing what it is you're doing. How about we take a gander at one more outline which, ostensibly, will be completely the most questionable. How about we take a gander at the diagram beneath. </p> <p>Hopefully my appearance will be valuable to other underrepresented organizers like me who are glad to get a value stake on the planet, and arranged to start. For example, in the event that you realize you wish to work in worldwide wellbeing arrangement, at that point a MPH is almost crucial for some positions. Substantially more of a customary novel. </p> <h2> Facts, Fiction and Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples</h2> <p>Back in the amusement business, sentimentalit y has made an impact in movie form showcase. It ended up being a notable event the presentation of a stone monument which helped shape customary media. With media moving towards computerized decisions, the market has delivered an interest for physical diversion, and it has discovered its home in vinyl. </p> <h2> Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples for Dummies</h2> <p>I likely will stay in DC region however may have chance to move Washington State. At long last, Vanderbilt MBAs are urged to partake in national case rivalries. Georgetown University is glad to serve those individuals who have served our country. At whatever point you have the last score that you're enchanted with, after that you can send just that score to the entirety of your schools. </p> <h2> Life After Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples </h2> <p>Some schools will state you need to apply inside two or three years of your administration to fit the bill for an expense waiver. A chose n few schools cajole you to contact affirmations on the off chance that you've encountered extreme budgetary hardship' and on the off chance that you make your case the charge may be postponed. Regularly, understudies have 12 many years of master experience when they start the program. Every understudy needs to finish a minumum of one fixation, which is comprised of 12 hours inside a control past the center. </p> <p>Interviews are required for confirmation, and Owen urges candidates to plan a meeting along with a grounds visit, any place they're in the application practice. This implies you may pick which SAT tests that you need to send to the school. </p> <h2> The Notre Dame Mba Essay Samples Game</h2> <p>While the majority of the data could be accurate on these sources, they ought to be checked. Guarantee you utilize our site for a learning instrument, I. If you don't mind give any data you couldn't want anything more than to improve your application which you have not in any case included. In addition, you should do well to get a solid application. </p> <p>Personal credits may likewise be accessible. 1 major drawback of visiting a progressively smaller program is that you won't have precisely the same large number of OCR openings. Paying for finished and affirmed locales of the task. </p> <p>If you utilized Essay 1 to investigate a specialist experience, use the video paper to uncover something not business related. Likewise, purchasing home work on the site, you're ensured that it will be effectively done. In any event a half year before applying, you despite everything need to doublecheck simply to verify, which implies you have adequate time to spend the test. There's a lot of help here in the event that you have a good thought. </p> <p>You have an incredibly extraordinary chance of raising your score, which will altogether support your chances of getting in. To cover the brief, talk about at whatever point you have driven in an awkward or new situation. Everything in life seemed, by all accounts, to be a battle. You should think enough about the business to adhere to the discussion, you should be sufficiently amusing to think about a joke, and you require adequate creative ability to execute on the thought. </p> <p>If you are at present finishing an undergrad level, you're just qualified to make an application for the fall term. Taking a year during clinical school additionally gives understudies more opportunity to consider their profession targets and postpone their decision to choose a claim to fame. Holding up until after clinical school may in actuality be alluring to understudies that are not sure that an additional degree is important for their vocation goals. One explanation I decided to get my MBA is on the grounds that I wished to transform into a superior chief. </p>

Great Gatsby Essay Topics

Great Gatsby Essay TopicsOne of the best ways to get yourself a Gatsby Essay Topic is to find a writer who has experience with that topic. The problem is that finding writers who have that experience isn't easy.The writers that have experience writing about Gatsby are few and far between. If you want to find a writer who has had experience with that topic, the first thing that you have to do is to write yourself an essay. Make sure that you keep it simple and to the point.In order to find a writer who has had experience with Gatsby, you have to ask people that you know. Get a list of names and ask each of them who they know that has written a Gatsby Essay topic. It's important that you start looking for Gatsby Essay Topics before you even start the search. This will make sure that you don't waste your time searching for topics that are not in demand.One good way to start your search for great Gatsby Essay Topics is to start searching for individuals on online forums. You can find all kinds of information by reading the posts of other forum members.You can also post a question in the forum for other members to post their answers to. When you do this you may come across some old friends that you never thought were writing about Gatsby anymore.If you are looking for some tips on how to find the right Gatsby Essay Topics for you to write an essay about you might want to check out my blog. Here I share articles on how to find a good writer for you topic. A very useful resource and if you follow a few tips here you should be able to find the writer that is just right for you.If you are looking for great Gatsby Essay Topics then you should make sure that you look for sites like this. You will find articles that will give you helpful tips to find the right writers that are ready to write about Gatsby.

How a Bad College Essay Denies Admission

How a Bad College Essay Denies AdmissionDoes an awful school exposition deny confirmation? Sadly, it isn't generally so. It is just by the finesse of God that we as understudies have been fortunate enough to get the school grant. Unfortunately, it doesn't imply that you are absolved from the guidelines that apply to everybody else.There are two components of an article that is typically a total waste. Both are written in a typical type of language and frequently, by understudies who are not doing so well in the class. So before you start, ensure that you chip away at your composing aptitudes to stay away from this.Your by and large structure and the manner in which you compose and structure your sentences ought to be well leveled out. Else, you ought not expect a terrible school article forswearing to happen. The following stage is audit your article. On the off chance that it isn't composed accurately, you should address it.In most cases, composing a decent paper that denies confirm ation is quite simple, except if the exposition is comprised of misleading statements and deceiving explanations. You can attempt your best and truly take a shot at your aptitudes, however on the off chance that you despite everything are not happy with it, consider attempting to get a duplicate of an example paper. This may likewise help you a great deal in the creative cycle. All things considered, you are still only an understudy and along these lines, you can't compose for an enormous project.Most past authors share a similar view when they state that they didn't compose their papers dependent on the evaluations they got from the school. You should consistently recall that. A high GPA doesn't generally mean a decent exposition. Along these lines, there are a few understudies who keep on composing a terrible score since they need to deny affirmation and show signs of improvement college.So regardless of whether you have a completely qualified paper, don't hope to be conceded by t he entrance advisory board. You should know the guidelines before you can apply. Indeed, there are examples when a college will deny admission to an understudy as a result of the reasons that they have gone ahead in their affirmation prerequisites. Along these lines, don't surrender and acknowledge the way that you won't be admitted to their college.However, don't be disillusioned on the off chance that you despite everything have your poor articles that may postpone your school profession. Recollect that it isn't the article that decides your odds of getting conceded; it is your endeavors that matters. In the event that you need to discover how you can utilize your opportunity to set up a superior paper, you ought to have the option to peruse on.A part of individuals accept that the significant motivation behind why most understudies who are denied admission to a school would be dismissed would be the exposition. This is a bogus hypothesis, since truth be told, most understudies, w ho are acknowledged to a school, would not bomb a test on papers.

Why an Autobiographical Incident Essay Sample Is Essential

<h1>Why an Autobiographical Incident Essay Sample Is Essential</h1><p>An personal occurrence article test is an incredible method to assist you with your resume composing. It ought to be an intriguing and enlightening bit of composing and should catch the peruser's consideration in the initial hardly any lines. The least demanding approach to compose a viable one is to make it as unique in relation to some other paper as possible.</p><p></p><p>Although these blurbs are put toward the finish of your exposition, they can cause it to appear to be significantly increasingly close to home. Actually, you don't need to compose a paper to get them! It would be much better in the event that you did this as an assistance and got them from a record sharing site. There is no doubt that most colleges have a few such accessible for use by their understudies. Nonetheless, there are many understudy administrations which can offer you more.</p><p> </p><p>Since these are for the most part given by understudy administrations, you should ensure that you locate the correct one. Since a significant number of them likewise permit you to make your own, it is a smart thought to peruse the examples on their site to check whether they are straightforward. This is the place you can ensure that the exposition isn't excessively protracted since it will be difficult to keep it straight if the author is making some genuine mistakes.</p><p></p><p>Since it would most likely require some investment to think of one on the off chance that you didn't utilize one, it is ideal to get one that you can send to various places before you hand it over to your manager. Thusly, on the off chance that you have it close by when you really get a call to talk with, you could edit it and in the event that it despite everything doesn't satisfy with your guidelines, you could request another. This would give you a head begin o nce again your rival who is most likely standing by to get a meeting in a month or two.</p><p></p><p>Blurbs can be useful in numerous ways, since they can show the amount you can identify with the circumstance and answer allof the inquiries the peruser has. They can likewise ensure that the article is intriguing and educational, making it simple for the peruser to proceed reading.</p><p></p><p>One great one would be about a little side story or account that you have found out about from another person. You may need to give some foundation data too so as to relate what you have said to what truly occurred. Regardless of whether it is only a speedy story that you have found out about, it is as yet worth including as this shows you don't consider yourself as uninteresting and as something you would do.</p><p></p><p>Using these self-portraying occurrence article tests is regularly the most ideal approach to do a sch olastic resume. Keep in mind, don't stress over composing the best essay.</p>

Choose Topics Related to World History Research Paper

<h1>Choose Topics Related to World History Research Paper</h1><p>When you are doing World History explore paper, you have a wide assortment of themes identified with world history and even have the opportunity to pick points for the class. Fortunately you have the choice to cover numerous subjects in a solitary unit or gathering of subjects.</p><p></p><p>You could begin with the Main Topic of the course or it could be another related point. This doesn't imply that you need to adhere to a similar principle theme for the entire time, you can blend points with the goal that it doesn't cause the understudies to feel 'stuck' in any subjects. Likewise, now and again you need to begin the unit with an investigation of a fundamental subject as it is all the more fascinating and they may be more keen on it than different points that you need to cover.</p><p></p><p>So the point that you pick as your Main Topic for the unit ought to be something that you feel that will premium your understudies or that will make enthusiasm for them. Simply recollect that the most ideal approach to discover what understudies truly like is to do a study before class begins. The most ideal approach to accumulate the reactions is to solicit the class on the day from the schedule posting.</p><p></p><p>You can likewise pick a topical zone that has some significance to the course itself or if nothing else has something to do with the subject of the class. For instance, in the event that you pick a point identified with Columbus and America's First Voyages in that period, at that point that would be something that all understudies would discover fascinating and would effortlessly identify with it.</p><p></p><p>You can utilize the data in the course book that you should peruse the book, however there are even methods of making the genuine research paper without any preparation utilizin g the first book as a source of perspective. In the event that you have a variety of bookmarks, you may think that its simpler to bookmark the fundamental books.</p><p></p><p>As you examine for another book, you may need to begin with the last page or two. In any case, don't stress on the off chance that you don't discover what you are searching for on the primary page, you can generally push ahead and search for extra information.</p><p></p><p>Some of the themes that you need to decide for your exploration paper can incorporate subjects, for example, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, Cold War, Latin American Wars, Italy, Japan, U.S. Common War, The Vietnam War, US-Soviet Stalemate, Algeria, Vietnam, India, Cambodia, Chile, Mexico, Brazil, The Philippine Campaigns, The Philippines Campaigns, Laos, Indonesia, China, and The Vietnam War. These points are generally subjects that will keep understudies intrigued and enga ged.</p>

Vital Pieces of Case Study

<h1> Vital Pieces of Case Study </h1> <p>Sooner or later in your investigation of brain science, you might be approached to create a contextual investigation. To amplify the power of your contextual analysis, you should think deliberately. The collectivecase study includes contemplating numerous cases at the same time or consecutively with an end goal to yield a still more extensive valuation for a specific issue. In the event that you were coordinated to form a contextual investigation for a brain science instructional class, be sure to check with your teacher for a specific rules that you should follow. </p> <p>The results aren't up for translation. Help the basic data stick out inside your contextual analysis by using high complexity shapes and hues. </p> <p>Generally, cerebrum AVMs are uncommon and influence short of what one percent of the masses. The discoveries show there's a more interest for human examinations. Or maybe, it involved one analysis, as it were, a contextual investigation. Or maybe, it involved one examination, as such, a brain research study. </p> <h2> Life After Case Study</h2> <p>Each some portion of your paper should end up with an inquiry or purpose behind one more conversation. A successive application requires the assessment of a circumstance of exceptional enthusiasm, with insignificant or no enthusiasm for generalizability. Contextual investigations give perusers the capacity to watch a circumstance from the client's viewpoint from beginning to end. By correlation, the instrumentalcase study utilizes a particular case (some of which may be superior to other people) to get a more extensive valuation for an issue or marvel. </p> <p>Indicating what questions can't be addressed in view of the nonappearance of data. In many occasions, there are numerous strategies to respond to the case question, which empowers for homeroom conversation and discussion. Only a couple of instructors are prepared to turn out to be genuinely marvelous case conversation pioneers. Such issues must be fathomed in the act of corporate culture development and keeping in mind that actualizing the an assortment of methodology of inspiration. </p> <h2> The Little-Known Secrets to Case Study</h2> <p>A contextual analysis seems, by all accounts, to be a capital punishment for a great deal of understudies. Now and again, your contextual analysis will concentrate just on the person of intrigue. Rather, a case could be chosen as a significant case, picked because of the innate enthusiasm of the case or the conditions encompassing it. It is chosen not on the grounds that it is illustrative of different cases, but si nce of its uniqueness, which is of real enthusiasm to the specialists. </p> <h2> Vital Pieces of Case Study</h2> <p>The promotion of statements at the perfect stage will additionally refine what is a serious human publicizing apparatus. You could attempt different sorts of contextual investigations, similar to a meeting group in which you have your customers answer exactly the same inquiries referenced before about what they do, their necessities, their objectives, and the manner in which you met them. Make sense of how Intertech's counseling administrations can help your organization. </p> <p>Case contemplates are a powerful device in your substance advancing weapons store! They are an extraordinary method to delve further into a particular client experience. They are a unimaginably successful type of advertising that you can use to help advance your item. They are frequently utilized in exploratory research. </p> <p>Constantly allude back to your visual cues so as to don't drop center. It's ideal on the off chance that you make yourself a speedy assortment of 4 or 5 visual cues that you're going to attempt to address during the exploration. As a rule, the full class gets exactly the same theme when alloted a contextual analysis. Your educator may necessitate that you pick from a particular hypothetical procedure or solicitation that you sum up a few potential treatment draws near. </p> <h2>Getting the Best Case Study </h2> <p>Needless to state, remember that not every person is as acquainted with the innovation as you may be, so make a point to feature what they should take note. Subsequent to perusing and breaking down the example, the understudy should think about something or be in a situation to accomplish something. On the off chance that you might want to form a contextual analysis that will keep perusers intrigued and inquisitive to discover increasingly about your association, there are various things you should remember. At the point when it has to do with composing a contextual investigation, verify you approach the business comprehensively and examine everything out of their online networking to their deals. </p> <h2> The Good, the Bad and Case Study </h2> <p>The data is primarily anecdotal and identifies with occasions from quite a while ago (for example review), notwithstanding to critical occasions that are right now happening in their regular day to day existence. The main way to get around the examination should take out strategy for a definition factor for increas ing speed in free fall. In a perfect world, every single imaginable client should be in a situation to peruse your examination and procure something from it. Right now, there's no sufficient arrangement of non-money related inspiration in the supplier. </p> <h2>What You Need to Do About Case Study Beginning in the Next Six Minutes </h2> <p>Letting go of old garbage can be troublesome at first, yet at long last it's totally liberating as it were. To help you in beginning, how about we take a gander at the most continuous ways to deal with structure and arrangement a business contextual investigation. When everything is dissipated all over your home, it can make things somewhat upsetting. Numerous things have changed after some time, similar to the presentation of computerized innovation has totally adjusted the way that individuals choose to look for the merchandise they require. </p> <p>Not simply that, however in the event that you have a SaaS it em, contextual investigations are an astounding way to uncover how others are successfully utilizing your products in their independent company. The last segment of your contextual analysis should highlight the advancement which has been made since the time your client or customer began to utilize your master administrations. In certain occasions, the investigation questions are generally improper since the company will be made to create things that will be utilized by the entire collection of customers. Alongside being significant showcasing and promoting devices, contextual investigations are a phenomenal method to evaluate your item as it empowers you to impartially analyze how others are utilizing it. </p>

Help Essay Topics

<h1>Help Essay Topics</h1><p>The help paper themes can be troublesome, particularly in case you're an understudy new to the procedure. In the event that you discover the assistance article themes overwhelming, read on to discover a few different ways to help you through. Notwithstanding composing a paper, you have to plan for it. In the event that you don't plan for your article, you will probably compose poorly.</p><p></p><p>Since the assistance exposition themes are normally identified with your school's topic, it assists with recognizing what you need to expound on. The significant part is that you set aside the effort to comprehend the theme and you ensure that you completely get it. The assistance paper points ought to be explicit to the subject. For instance, in case you're looking into a bit of enactment in Washington State, you can do one-line outlines of the theme. When you've done this, consider the whole piece.</p><p>&l t;/p><p>For numerous understudies, the fundamental explanation they enter school is to find a decent line of work. Since most managers look for candidates who can compose, it is basic that you have the option to introduce yourself in an expert way. You should look into great composing abilities and practice. In the event that you can't compose, you can generally ask another person to compose the paper for you.</p><p></p><p>One of the significant advantages of composing an exposition is that you will like yourself. It will assist you with improving your evaluations and the expositions you compose will be progressively imaginative. Obviously, it is additionally acceptable to give yourself something to anticipate all through the semester.</p><p></p><p>When picking help exposition subjects, you ought to pick something that you're as of now acquainted with. Maybe it will be one of your more seasoned classes. A few understudies may wish to pick their senior proposition. Others may like to accomplish something totally extraordinary. Be that as it may, you can research to discover exposition subjects important to you.</p><p></p><p>Once you have settled on the article theme, start arranging and sorting out the paper. To abstain from making an enormous task, compose the article in areas. Start with an unfinished copy and afterward step by step grow your considerations. Keep all amendments inside the blueprint and the areas of the article and you ought not have any issues with re-composing the essay.</p><p></p><p>Also, it is useful to keep notes on the paper themes you are thinking about. As an understudy, you have just invested a lot of energy contemplating the topic. You should think that its simpler to figure out where to center your work than to attempt to make sense of the material all alone. In any event, when the themes are new, you should in any case compose t he article since you are as yet learning and the more you learn, the better you will become at writing.</p><p></p><p>After you pick the assistance paper points, you should begin your composition. Since the exposition is your endeavor to communicate your contemplations and emotions, it is significant that you adhere to the guidelines and headings so as to guarantee that your paper is elegantly composed. Notwithstanding setting aside the additional effort to look into the themes, ensure you invest the energy to get familiar with the essential standards of language and accentuation so you can convey your thoughts in the most ideal manner possible.</p>

Diploma leve 6 Part D assignment Essay - 14002 Words

NEBOSH National Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety Unit D Assignment Submission Date: 10 September 2012 Contents Section; 1 Executive Summary 2 Introduction 2.1 Aims and objectives 2.2 Methodology 2.3 Description of the organisation 2.4 Legal environment 3 Description of the health and safety management system 3.1 Pencro SEL health and safety management system 3.2 Other documentation 3.3 Meetings 3.4 Attitude Survey 3.5 Work placement 3.6 Gap analysis 4 Hazard identification 4.1 Physical hazards 4.2 Health and welfare hazards 5 Risk assessment (Working at height) 5.1 Risk†¦show more content†¦If PSEL carry on with current practices they can expect direct costs such as sick pay, fines, legal costs and repair costs. Indirect costs, which are costlier in the long term, include the loss of orders, disruption to production, low morale and loss of reputation. Not all loss can be indemnified, after injury or ill health, uninsurable expenses may include legal costs, temporary labour and down time. If the cost of an accident and/or ill health is added up it is certain that it will be less expensive to implement the recommendations put forward in this report. It is strongly advised that this report is considered, acted upon, and used as the impetus for change. Section 2 Introduction 2.1 Aims and objectives The aim of this report is to carry out a detailed review of the Health and Safety performance within PSEL and to produce a justified action plan in order to improve performance standards. To achieve this aim the following objectives will have to be met; Gain an in-depth understanding of PSEL Understand fully the legal environment within which PSEL operates Study the current health and safety management system (HSMS) Critically review the HSMS, identifying weaknesses and strengths in all areas Identify and prioritise significant physical hazards and hazards appropriate to health and welfare Conduct a full risk assessment of the highest priority physical hazard and health and welfare hazard,

How Does Your College See Your Extracurricular Activities For College Admission?

<h1>How Does Your College See Your Extracurricular Activities For College Admission?</h1><p>Extracurricular exercises for school confirmation (or double affirmation) are only one of the numerous administrations that numerous universities can offer. Most of the schools and colleges are currently offering their administrations as an approach to draw understudies, yet understudies who are utilized to simply depending on the typical grounds exercises ought to have an alternate disposition with regards to extracurricular exercises for school affirmation. The extraordinary thing about extracurricular exercises for school confirmation is that they aren't normally that difficult to look into about, and there are likewise a lot of tips you can get that can make the whole procedure simpler and less intimidating.</p><p></p><p>When it comes to extracurricular exercises for school affirmation, the attention ought to be on the nature of the work that the u nderstudy is doing. In a perfect world, it would be a lot simpler to get into a specific school if the understudy's endeavors in finishing the necessary work exceed different prerequisites. Regardless of whether you have a full course load, the normal measure of understudy connection, and a selection of majors, you shouldn't be so centered around your evaluations that you disregard to accomplish any additional work to improve application.</p><p></p><p>Extra time ought to be spent in doing schoolwork, whether it's something that should be possible at your own home or you need to visit a library to discover a book that you can do. The extracurricular exercises for school confirmation are one of only a handful not many accessible alternatives that aren't being pushed on understudies in any capacity whatsoever. You may be astounded at what number of universities that aren't secondary school advocates know about the different assets accessible to enable the unders tudy to do their job.</p><p></p><p>If you need to show signs of improvement audit of what you've finished with your extracurricular exercises for school confirmation, you ought to do some examination into what they are about. Schools are keen on what you're doing, as is your direction instructor. As a rule, you should have a go at looking on the web for the school you're keen on with the goal that you can get more input on your work.</p><p></p><p>Some of the extracurricular exercises for school confirmation will be a higher priority than others. You should focus on any school that may offer a particular movement that you need to do. On the off chance that you don't know which one would be the most advantageous for you, you can contact the school that would offer that specific movement, or you can even investigate their site and see what they need to offer.</p><p></p><p>If you've just composed two or three exposi tions, you should look into the kinds of extracurricular exercises you could do, or how you can expand the length of your papers. You ought to likewise ensure that your school will make housing for you if your class plan makes it hard for you to go to class or show a class. A few schools likewise offer help with paper support, regardless of whether they needn't bother with the additional assistance, and that can be a smart thought on the off chance that you are stressed over how your exposition would turn out.</p><p></p><p>For most universities, the response to 'How does your school to see your extracurricular exercises for school confirmation?' relies upon the school's way of thinking and culture. A few universities may imagine that your energy for having sports or taking influence in other extracurricular exercises is 'chaotic' and ought to be stayed away from, while others may believe it's everything in the soul of the institution.</p>

Corporate Governance Practices Of Indian Listed Companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3471 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Abstract: The paper uses disclosure scores to examine corporate governance practices of Indian listed companies. A content analysis of 50 companies listed on the NSE has been carried out. A disclosure index compiled by SP has been developed to determine how much listed Indian companies disclose. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corporate Governance Practices Of Indian Listed Companies" essay for you Create order This study reveals that Indian companies are quite transparent. The research findings shall enable the investors in estimating how much disclosure listed Indian companies make. It will also add to the increasingly inadequate literature relating to corporate governance and disclosure practices in developing countries. This study though has limitations since the focus lies only on 50 companies listed on the NSE which are the largest and most followed stocks and may not represent all Indian companies. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction Corporate governance has received increased importance in the aftermath of collapses of large companies worldwide such as Enron and WorldCom. Economies worldwide are now realizing the importance of good governance (Standard Poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 2008). The developed countries realized the importance of governance mainly following corporate scandals of the west (Reed, 2002). In some cases these scandals led to a direct response e.g. the Cadbury Report (Boyd, 1996 cited in Reed, 2002, p.228). On the other hand, in developing countries such as Brazil and India, poor economic performance had often led to economic crisis. Consequently, these countries came under the control of bodies such as International Monetary Fund and World Bank. These bodies impose many regulations which require increased attention to governance issues (Reed, 2002). As opposed to developed countries, developing countries paid no attention to governance issues until the financial crisis of East Asia in the late 90s (Oman C., 2003, Mangena and Tauringana, 2007). However, Sobhan and Werner (2003) view that these countries started giving importance to governance issues not because of the East Asian financial crisis but by problems in their own financial markets. Goswami (2003) reiterates this by writing that corporate governance movement began in India due to some corporate scandals that came to the forefront during the first phase of economic liberalization in the country in 1991. Transparency and disclosure are at the heart of corporate governance. Transparency and disclosure helps reduce the information gap between the management of a company and its shareholders and thus helps resolving agency issues in corporate governance (Patel, Balic and Bwakira, 2002). Background Fig. 1 below depicts clearly that India ranks quite high among the developing countries with respect to its governance practices next only to South Africa and Poland. Figure : Governance Ratings of Developing Countries, 2008 (Source: Governance Metrics International) Corporate Governance in India As opposed to developed countries, developing countries paid no attention to governance issues until the financial crisis of East Asia in the late 90s (Oman C., 2003, Mangena and Tauringana, 2007). However, Sobhan and Werner (2003) view that these countries started giving importance to governance issues not because of the East Asian financial crisis but by problems in their own financial markets. Goswami (2003) reiterates this by writing that corporate governance movement began in India due to some corporate scandals that came to the forefront during the first phase of economic liberalization in the country in 1991. One of these was a major securities scam of over Rupees 35 billion (Rupee 1 =  £ 0.0125, approx.) that was uncovered in April 1992 which involved a diversion of funds from the banking system to stock brokers for financing their operations. Bank executives, brokers and even politicians came under the scanner. The stock market had to be shut down for an extended period. Investors and brokers panicked. This led to the first step towards corporate governance in India when the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was created by an act of Parliament to protect the interest of investors in the securities market and to regulate the stock market (Goswami, 2003). In 1998, the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), an industry association published Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s initial corporate governance code, the implementation of which was voluntary by companies and thus very few companies adopted it. Until 2000, the CII Code was Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s only corporate governance guideline. In 1999 the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), constituted a committee to promote and raise the standards of corporate governance in India which was patterned on UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 1992 Cadbury Report. On the recommendations of this committee, a new clause 49 was incorporated in the Stock Exchange Listing Agreements (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Listing Agreementsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?). Since 2001, the CII Code has been supplemented by Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement (SEBI, 2003). These corporate governance requirements are applicable to all listed companies in India (Government of India, 2009 and SEBI, 2009). Aims, Objectives and Research Questions The aim of the research is to develop an understanding of the practices of corporate governance in developing economies by investigating the disclosure practices of Indian listed companies. This study will cover 50 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) which comprise the NIFTY which is the benchmark index of the NSE. SP CNX Nifty is a well diversified index comprised of 50 stocks across 23 sectors of the economy. The objectives of this study are: To develop an understanding of the importance of corporate governance and transparency and disclosure using literature review; To examine Practices of corporate governance of listed Indian companies using content analysis by studying annual reports of the companies and allocating disclosure scores. The study addresses the following research question: RQ1. How far are Indian listed companies transparent and how much do they disclose? Structure of the project The rest of the research is organized as follows. Chapter 2 provides a review of the relevant literature followed by research design and methodology in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents the findings and discussion. The study ends with chapter 5, conclusion which outlines the main points and findings of this study together with limitations and also raises future research questions. Chapter 2: Literature Review Introduction In the sections that follow, the existing literature on corporate governance and disclosure is reviewed. This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the importance of corporate governance; the second part presents the agency theory. The third part provides a discussion of the importance of disclosure and transparency and its relation with corporate governance. Corporate Governance is an issue of growing importance in developing countries. The Cadbury Report (1992) defines corporate governance as the system by which businesses are directed and controlled. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Corporate governance involves a set of relationships between a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s management, its board, its shareholders and other stakeholders. Corporate governance also provides the structure through which the objectives of the company are set, and the means of attaining those objectives and monitoring performance are determined.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? -The preamble of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Principles, 2004 (OECD) Though there have been several studies on corporate governance in developed countries, very little work has been done on developing countries. Most studies have been limited to specific countries. Developing countries encounter a lot of problems such as less developed and illiquid capital markets, economic uncertainties, and weak legal controls and investor protection (Rabelo and Vasconcelos, 2002). Due to these reasons, effective corporate governance in these countries is essential (Tsamenyi, Enniful-Adu and Onumah, 2007). Importance of Corporate Governance Good corporate governance in companies and also across the whole economy helps in providing a level of assurance necessary for the appropriate performance of a market (OECD, 2004). If the governance is weak, equity markets will be thin and thus there will be slower economic growth. On the other hand, in countries where corporate governance systems are strong (like stronger accounting standards), better investment and growth performance can be achieved (Gugler, et al., 2003). Institutions when making investment decisions, give a lot of importance to the fact as to whether the companies follow the basics of corporate governance. Thus if countries wish to attract capital for a long time, they must follow the globally accepted governance principles. Good governance also helps increase the confidence of investors within the country and thus helps reduce the cost of capital (OECD, 2004; La Porta et al, 1998; Bopkin Isshaq, 2009). Foreign investors refrain from investing in developing countries because of weaker governance mechanisms in these countries (Mangena Tauringana, 2007). Thus, companies needing external financing in the future should start adopting better governance measures in the present (Klapper et al, 2004). Many authors support the view that for the development of capital markets, effective governance mechanisms are very crucial (Rabelo Vasconcelos, 2002; Levine Zervos, 1998; Rajan Zingales, 1998). Capital markets can function efficiently if there is effective flow of information between the company and its stakeholders (Akhtaruddin, 2005). Agency Theory Many theories such as stakeholder theory, agency theory among others, express the importance of transparency and disclosure. This paper uses the agency theory as a theoretical framework and models that effective corporate governance practices including transparency and disclosure help resolve agency problems à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" such as extraction of personal gain by majority shareholders and under or over-investment (Aksu and Kosedag, 2006). Agency theory models the relationship between the principal and the agent (Barako, Hancock and Izan, 2006). Agency relationship is a contract under which one or more persons (the principal) engage another (agent) to perform some work on their behalf. Thus the shareholders (the principal) delegate the decision making function to the manager (or the agent) (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). This separation of ownership and control leads to the incurring of certain costs also known as agency costs (viz. expenses incurred by the principal to monitor agentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s activities) which are not incurred if the owner and manager are the same person (Barako, Hancock and Izan, 2006). In an agency relationship, managers have an information advantage which they may misuse for their own personal interest. Conversely it may so happen that agents may disclose more information to enhance the value of the firm and to increase the flow of investment in the company by reducing the cost of the agency relationship (Barako, Hancock and Izan, 2006). Patel et al. (2002) opine that the agency problem in corporate governance can be resolved in many ways à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" by a vigilant board of directors, by timely, accurate and sufficient disclosure of financial information and by transparency in the ownership structure. This study deals with one aspect, viz. disclosure and transparency. Disclosure and Transparency Transparency and disclosure are at the heart of corporate governance. The OECD Principles of corporate governance (2004) state that the corporate governance structure of any association should make sure that well-timed and precise disclosure of all important matters of the organization pertaining to its performance, ownership and overall governance is made. Transparency and disclosure (TD) practices followed by firms are an important component and one of the main indicators of the quality of corporate governance (Aksu and Kosedag, 2006). Companies mainly disclose through their annual reports; thus these should contain information that will allow its users to make correct decisions on efficient use of scarce resources (Akhtaruddin, 2005). In fact, a lot of what a company discloses in its annual reports and financial statements reflect its corporate governance quality (Bokpin and Isshaq, 2009). A firm if makes correct and adequate disclosure, reduces information asymmetry thereby reducing investorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s risk (Bushman and Smith, 2001). Similarly, Lang and Lundholm (1996) view, that by removing asymmetry in information, disclosure and transparency reduce the level of surprises relating to a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance thereby making its stocks less volatile. Chapter 3: Research Methodology With the aim of examining the disclosure practices of Indian listed companies, the focus of this study is the examination of annual reports of listed Indian companies using content analysis. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first deals with research design which is content analysis for this research. The second part presents the method of collection and data analysis. Research Design Research design embodies a structure which directs the implementation of a research method and the data analysis (Bryman and Bell, 2007). It tries to describe the best way to design the research so that the best data for the research can be obtained (Lee and Lings, 1975). The research designs that may be employed include experiment, survey, case study, action research, grounded theory, ethnography, archival research, content analysis among others (Saunders, Lewis Thornhill, 2009). The aim of this research is to examine the disclosure practices of listed Indian companies. Annual reports are intended to disclose information about the companys activities and performance to shareholders and other stakeholders. In order to examine the level of disclosure, in lines with previous research, this study seeks to identify the presence or absence (disclosure or non disclosure) of certain identified corporate attributes in the annual reports of the companies. An examination of annual reports of companies could be one of the justifiable ways of assessing their disclosure practices; consequently, the research design used is one of content analysis. Content analysis is an analysis of documents and texts (which may be printed or visual) that seeks to quantify content in terms of pre-determined categories and in a systematic and objective manner. Objectivity ensures that there is transparency in the procedures for assigning the data to categories so that analystà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s personal biases are ruled out to a large extent (Bryman and Bell, 2007). This study entails analysis of annual reports of listed Indian companies by quantifying content in terms of pre defined categories. Content analysis has been conducted on annual reports by a number of researchers such as Tsamenyi et al. (2007) and Patel et al. (2002) among others, as they are a good instrument to measure comparative positions and trends in reporting. As a technique for collecting data, it involves codifying qualitative and quantitative information into pre-defined categories in order to derive patterns in the presentation and reporting of information (Guthrie et al., 2004). The following paragraphs explain the method of collection of data, its quantification and classification and its analysis. This study uses the method of content analysis which itself is not free from limitations. The major limitation is the subjectivity involved in coding (Frost and Wilmshurst, 2000). In order for valid inferences to be drawn from content analysis, the reliability of both the data and the instrument of collecting and coding the data must be achieved (Milne and Adler, 1999). This research uses the coding method used by many previous researchers such as Patel et al. (2002) and Tsamenyi et al. (2007) and hence can be regarded as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reliableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Data Collection and Analysis This study entails the examination of annual reports of Indian companies. Data is collected on 50 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and representing the NIFTY, which is literally the barometer of the Indian Capital Market. The sample thus consists of 50 companies listed on the NSE. The SP CNX Nifty is the National Stock Exchange of India Ltdà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main exchange. The CNX Nifty tracks the performance of a portfolio of blue chip companies, which are the largest and most liquid of the Indian securities. It consists of 50 of about 935 companies listed on the NSE consisting approximately of 60% of the market capitalization and reflects correctly the Indian stock market. The SP CNX Nifty consists of 22 sectors of the Indian economy (Standard Poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, 2010). This research studies the annual reports of these 50 companies. Analysis is limited to only one year because disclosure practices usually do not change dramatically over time (Botosan, 1997). All annual reports are available online on the respective company websites and have been accessed thus. The annual reports studied for most of the companies are for 31st March 2010. All data has been collected from annual reports of 50 companies which make up to 60% of the total market capitalization. Annual reports are one of the most important devices to convey information and are hence the principle focus of the disclosure index (Alsaeed, 2006). This study uses 98 attributes in all to measure corporate governance and extent of disclosure in India (Appendix 2). These attributes have been compiled by Standard Poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and used in many previous studies on disclosure. Using an objective methodology, annual reports are analyzed for common disclosure items grouped into three sub- categories: Ownership structure and investor relations Financial transparency and information disclosure Board and management structure and process A Transparency and Disclosure Score is developed for every company from a binary evaluation of the number of items present in their annual reports, i.e. if a company discloses a particular attribute, a score of 1 is awarded and if not a score of 0 is awarded. This paper analyzes the TD score for 50 Indian companies representing the NIFTY. Previous studies on disclosure and corporate governance such as those by Patel et al. (2002) and Tsamenyi et al. (2007) had followed a similar approach. Chapter 4: Findings and Discussion This chapter presents the findings of this study and also compares the same with previous studies. A disclosure index has been constructed based on a thorough and rigorous examination of the annual reports of the sample companies. Disclosure is defined as the appearance of an item of information in the annual reports of the companies under study (Karim and Ahmed, 2005). If an item is disclosed in the annual report, a score of 1 has been awarded and if the item is not disclosed, then a score of 0 is awarded for that attribute. Thus this disclosure method measures the overall disclosure index (ODI) of a company as additive as follows: Where, d=1 if the item di is disclosed d=0 if the item di is not disclosed n=number of items 4.1 Disclosure Scores and Descriptive Statistics The disclosure scores for each firm are presented both as actual scores and as percentage of the total number of attributes assessed in annual reports. The overall level of disclosure and disclosure score together with the percentage is presented in Table 1 below. Overall, disclosure and transparency register an average score of 72.04 which is quite good. Considerable variation can be noticed in the disclosure practices among the sample companies in India with a range of 54-82. The descriptive statistics are presented in Table 2. Table 1: Disclosure Scores Company Names Disclosure Scores % of Score ACC Ltd. 80 80% Ambuja Cements Ltd. 56 56% Axis Bank Ltd. 76 76% Bajaj Auto Ltd. 75 75% Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. 68 68% Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. 69 69% Bharti Airtel Ltd. 78 78% Cairn India Ltd 73 73% Cipla Ltd. 72 72% DLF Ltd. 73 73% Dr Reddyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Ltd. 75 75% Gail India Ltd. 76 76% HCL Technologies Ltd. 54 54% HDFC Bank Ltd. 71 71% Hero Honda Motors Ltd. 74 74% Hindalco Industries Ltd. 54 54% Hindustan Unilever Ltd. 70 70% Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd 72 72% ICICI Bank Ltd. 77 77% ITC Ltd 78 78% Infosys Technologies Ltd. 82 82% Infrastructure Development Finance Co. Ltd 81 81% Jaiprakash Associates Ltd. 76 76% Jindal Steel Power Ltd 75 75% Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. 75 75% Larsen Toubro Ltd. 74 74% Mahindra Mahindra Ltd. 65 65% Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. 64 64% NTPC Ltd. 62 62% ONGC Ltd. 65 65% Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. 65 65% Punjab National Bank 65 65% Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd 54 54% Reliance Capital Ltd. 75 75% Reliance Communications Ltd. 81 81% Reliance Industries Ltd. 82 82% Reliance Infrastructure Ltd. 76 76% Reliance Power Ltd 77 77% Sesa Goa Ltd 75 75% Siemens Ltd 74 74% State Bank of India 74 74% Steel Authority of India Ltd 75 75% Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd. 62 62% Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. 63 63% Suzlon Energy Ltd 75 75% Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. 76 76% Tata Motors Ltd. 75 75% Tata Power Ltd. 80 80% Tata Steel Ltd. 81 81% Wipro Ltd. 77 77% . Table 2: Descriptive Statistics of Dependent and Independent Variables Mean Range No. of firms Overall Disclosure Index 72.04 54-82 50 Chapter 5: Conclusion This paper reports on the level of disclosure of a sample of Indian companies listed on the NSE by examining their annual reports. The study uses a transparency and disclosure (TD) index for determining the level of disclosure among listed Indian companies. The index is developed by assigning scores to 50 companies on pre-determined attributes; the study uses the binary scoring method. Using a dataset relating to listed companies for 2009-10, the study reveals that firms on average report 72% of the items compiled by SP to assess level of disclosure. The results of this study can be useful for investors to help them in gauging the level of disclosure by listed Indian companies. It will also be of interest to researchers, managers, regulators and market participants. The findings of this study must be interpreted in the light of the following limitations. Firstly, the sample used for this study is small in size and is composed of the largest and most followed companies on the National Stock Exchange and thus may not be representative of the population of Indian companies. Secondly, the index used to find the level of disclosure, is that which has been compiled by SP. No distinction has been made between compulsory and voluntary items of disclosure. Also, this study uses the unweighted or binary approach to measure the level of disclosure. Thus, if a company disclosed an item voluntarily, it did not get any extra score for that. Finally, the study gives at best a broad overview of the level and quality of disclosure among Indian companies since the results are based on the data of one year only and lacks longitudinal analysis. Further research is needed to evaluate the trends in the disclosure and also to assess if the level or quality of disclosu re has improved over time. Even with these limitations, there are some important contributions that this study makes. This study reports that the level of disclosure among Indian listed companies is quite high.

Getting the Best Is There a Cause Truly worth Fighting for Pervavssie Essay Topics

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How to Organize a 500 Word College Essay

How to Organize a 500 Word College EssayHow to organize a 500 word college essay is an important skill. People are at times caught up in the enormity of the task at hand. Yet, it is important that you realize that the task is manageable and can be handled easily if you know how to organize a college paper. This article will give you the basics of organizing a 500 word college essay.First and foremost, the first step to be undertaken when you want to organize a college essay is to divide the assignment into manageable parts. After you have broken down the assignment into multiple smaller units, you must then arrange them in a logical manner so that they can be easier to understand and follow. The structure of your essay should contain the most important points, the most complex points, and the most 'busy' points. You should never cram all the important points down one page, because this will make it hard for the reader to focus on them. When writing your essay, always bear in mind tha t one point may not be important to you but will be to the reader.The most important section of your assignment is the introduction. It should be short and straight to the point. Most readers want to find out as little as possible about you and what exactly you do for a living so you should concentrate on this section.The conclusion should take up half of the paper. It should summarize what was just discussed in the introduction. Do not make the conclusion too long because the reader may find it difficult to continue with your essay. Another mistake that people often make is creating unnecessary filler in the conclusion. The purpose of the conclusion is to summarize what has been already discussed in the introduction and the body of the paper.Your final paragraph should be short, sweet, and to the point. It should always come from a place of sincere feeling and should not contain any unnecessary language. Also, the conclusion should be the last paragraph. Do not repeat what was prev iously stated in the introduction or other paragraphs. The conclusion should serve as a summary of what has been written in the body of the paper.If you follow these tips in how to organize a college paper, you will have a much easier time with your assignment. Remember, the goal is to write a paper that is interesting and informative. Make sure you remember this step when writing your essay.After you have completed writing the paper, read it over again to check for errors and spelling mistakes, and then rewrite the paper from scratch with the least important concept in mind. Once you have completed writing your paper, write a review for your paper and also attach it to your assignment. This will give you a final test to see if you did a good job.Remember, if you want to know how to organize a college essays, start by breaking down the assignment into its specific parts and work backwards to the end result. Organize each part of the assignment according to how it is related to the r est of the assignment.

Importance of Using Essay Samples

Importance of Using Essay SamplesUsing essay samples to grade your homework is a good idea for most students. Students should take the time to read an essay before submitting it, and use the sample essay to help them decide if the topic is a good fit for their particular class. The essay samples are also good at helping the student who is grading the work on the student who wrote it, since the essay is a part of the overall curriculum.Students should read all of the essay samples, but they should spend a lot of time reading the ones that they know their teacher will be using for the assignment. Reading different examples is a great way to get a feel for the style of writing that is being used in the sample essays.Many students are tempted to find a way to game the essay samples and cheat by providing incorrect information to the teacher who is grading the essay samples. If a student tries to cheat, the teacher will not know if he or she is reading too much of the essay. Instead, the student who is grading the work should ask the student who wrote the essay if the essay is consistent with the teacher's lesson plan. The student who wrote the essay will be the one to determine if the essay is consistent with the lessons that the student is taking in, so there is no reason to intentionally provide misinformation to the teacher in order to cheat.When the student who is grading the essay samples is reviewing the work, it is important that the student who wrote the sample does not become distracted with other assignments. Sometimes the student who is grading the work may be assigned other lessons to work on while the student who wrote the sample essay is grading the sample essay.The essays that students write with essay samples should be short and to the point. They should also be written in a clear and concise style that allows the student to take the lesson in easily. The essay sample should be able to be easily and immediately integrated into the lesson that the st udent is taking in, without the student having to re-read the entire essay.The essay samples should be written by students who are current on the subject that they are covering. It is not necessary to read essays by past students, although it can help to provide some perspective. Students who are grading these essays should be able to learn from the examples they are reading.Essay samples are a great way to give students practice writing essay topics. Once they have been reviewed by the teacher, students should not hesitate to write their own version of the sample essay that they have reviewed. They should remember the lessons that they learned and incorporate them into their own essays.The most important thing that students should remember when they are grading essay samples is to avoid cheating. A student who gives misinformation to the teacher or to the student who is grading the work may get caught, but the effort spent will have been for nothing. In addition, using essay sample s as a means of cheating on assignments is a bad way to earn a high grade on an assignment.

Women During The Medieval Era Essay - 1535 Words

Women withstood a multitude of limitations in the medieval era. Due to the political, social, and religious restrictions women encountered, historians neglected to realize that they demonstrated agency. The female experience is something that has been overlooked until recently. Unfortunately, without the knowledge of how women found ways to exert their power, we are experiencing a deficit of knowledge in this period. Through the close examination of the primary sources: The Gospel of Mary, Dhouda’s Liber Manualis, and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the creative means of female force are displayed. In the Gospel of Mary, circa 120-180 AD, Mary Magdalene displays that women exercised agency by being a vessel of God and finding favor with the Lord. Beginning in the first paragraph of the work, it states, â€Å"Andrew and Peter question her veracity and ask why a woman should become a favorite disciple† (The Gospel of Mary 53). This demonstrates that men did not understand why a woman would be seen as a greater or more trustworthy being themselves as Christ’s inoculator. However, Mary remains humble, and she uses her agency to teach the men. Mary shows her willingness to enlighten the men when it is stated, â€Å"Mary answered, ‘What’s concealed from you I’ll tell; I saw him in a vision and I told him’† (The Gospel of Mary 57). This demonstrates Mary’s power over the males. In this situation, she holds knowledge that only she can give to them. This allows for her to become the individual inShow MoreRelatedComparing and Contras ting the Role of Women during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages1564 Words   |  7 PagesPlan of Investigation This investigation strives to compare and contrast of the role of women during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages. The inquiry is significant because in order to understand the culture and ethics of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages it is crucial to understand the importance of women. The issues that will be addressed include: the role of women in the Roman Empire, the role of women in the Middle Ages, and the similarities as well as the differences of the two major timeRead MoreMoral In The Canterbury Tales1221 Words   |  5 PagesMoral of the Story in Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales have an ultimate lesson at the end, just as every other literary work does. In some of them, he simply states what it is, or some may have to be inferred. During the time, many social and historical events were taking place, and in some instances, Chaucer chose to base the moral around it. While reading The Canterbury Tales, the audience gets entertainment and a basic knowledge of what life what like through the lessons heRead MoreThe Roles Of Women In Parlement Of Foules By Geoffrey Chaucer1084 Words   |  5 PagesToday, women are treated with a respect and love that past generations would have dreamed about. Simple privileges like being allowed to have a job and get an education are taken so for granted, because fortunately it is all this generation has known. Women have always been strong capable beings that are fit to do a job that is typically given to a man, and probably with more efficiency. Figuratively in the poem Parlement of Foules by Geoffrey Chauc er and quite literally in the Speech to the TroopsRead MoreFashion Is A Big Part Of Society1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbig part of the Renaissance Era, which involved ostentatious and exaggerated clothing. During this time in history, the want to have good fashion skyrocketed. The Renaissance Era was known for the uprising of knowledge. The time period took place all over Europe between the fourteenth and the seventeenth century, however, not all countries experienced it at the same time. The English Renaissance took place mainly around the sixteenth century. The English Renaissance Era revolved much around the artsRead MoreThe Harsh Lives of Renaissance Children 965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance era was a very grim time to live in, mostly for the children. Their well-being, education and future were something that was often jeopardized by everyday factors of life. Their parents were not really there for them, they were more focused on other more important matters. Many child ren today believe that they live harsh lives and that their parents do not care for them, but if they were to travel back decades ago and live the lives of The Renaissance children, their outlook mightRead More History of Fashion Essay638 Words   |  3 Pagesto adapt to the era. Even today fashion continues to change as the years go on. Looking at fashion even 20 years ago we can see a difference from what we see in our everyday lives. For the purpose of this essay Fashion will be divided into three centuries, since not every era of clothing can be touched upon. The first era of fashion history includes 500 BC- 1450 AD. Near the beginning era fashion was relatively simple, since it was more about practical function than style. This era was referred toRead MoreAncient Greece : A True Civilization1507 Words   |  7 PagesGreece comes in the form of treatment of women, particularly in Athens. Athenian women were not permitted to participate in the Assembly, nor were they capable of owning land (â€Å"Ancient Greek Civilization†). While this is evidently an issue, further research has shown that, despite these restrictions, Athenian women were still important and influential in Athenian society. Many large monetary donations were recorded as having been given by women, suggesting that women were, despite more difficulty in attainingRead MoreThe Medieval Period Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesA set point in the historical time line stands as the medieval period. The medieval period in history was the era in European history – fro m around the 5th to the 15th century, coming after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and preceding the start of the early modern era. This historical time period has been long since been the victim of film directors and romantic novelists, which has lead to the common, but false, idea of the medieval period consisting of knights and damsels in distress, wizardsRead MoreThe Heroic Code Of Sir Gawain841 Words   |  4 Pagesfatal: it is the courage to continue that counts (Winston Churchill).† Sir Gawain displayed these action and emotion during the fight to defeat the Green Knight. Sir Gawain was faced with many trials and tribulations through his journey that forced him to stay true to his Heroic Code. The principles that Sir Gawain demonstrated in the pursuit of the Green Knight are respecting women, service to the king with bravery, honor, and faith, and staying committed to his religious practices. Sir Gawain keptRead MoreWomen And Spiritual Equality : New York : Saint Martin s Press, 19981358 Words   |  6 PagesMary McDowell Book Review-596 Ranft, Patricia. Women and Spiritual Equality in Christian Tradition. New York: Saint Martin’s Press, 1998. In the book Women and Spiritual Equality in Christian Tradition, by Patricia Ranft, a new and innovative look at the role of women in the sphere of Christianity is examined. In a total of twelve chapters, the Central Michigan University professor discusses the role that women played in the first fifteen hundred years of Christianity and she disputes the contention

Essay on Memory Project - 1498 Words

Memory Project: Application to Learning Study Habits Memory is the capability to learn, retain, store and remember information from previous experiences. Memories are accumulated from prior experiences and recollected, which can influence change of behavior or thought. This ability can assist with learning and adapting to new experiences. Memory is essential to our lives. Without a memory of the past we cannot operate in the present or think about the future. We would not be able to remember what we did yesterday, what we have done today or what we plan to do tomorrow. Without memory we could not learn anything. Short-term memory is information a person is thinking of at that specific time, it is also known as working memory†¦show more content†¦Improving study habits may be accomplished by using both short and long term memory. In reference to (Morris Maisto, 2014), two types of short term memory skills that can be useful are rote rehearsal and chunking. These methods c an help hold more information in the short term memory, until they can be relocated to the long term memory. Rote rehearsal is repetition of information, such as using flashcards and saying them aloud. Another skill called chunking is the process of breaking down a large piece of data into smaller chunks to make them easier to comprehend and remember Long-term memory skills are also useful and include elaborative rehearsal, mnemonics and schema. Elaborative rehearsal is much like rote rehearsal except it is â€Å"linking new information in short-term memory to familiar material stored in long-term memory† (Craik Lockhart, 1972, p. 193). In simpler words this means trying to relate the given information to something you already know. For example, using the acronym PEMDAS which each of the letters stand for a step in mathematics that you are supposed to follow in order which are Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Adding, and Subtracting; Please Excuse My Dear Au nt Sally. A Mnemonic is something which we can use to remember things much easier, according to (Morris Maisto, 2014, pg. 193). As is often the case, it could be a phrase, a short song, orShow MoreRelatedProject M2 : False Memory1635 Words   |  7 Pages Project M2: False Memory Literature review. This project is based on false memory and asks the question, â€Å"Will words that are presented visually evoke false recall of an associated word more than if words are presented aurally?† False memory has been defined as, â€Å"A mental experience that is mistakenly taken to be a veridical representation of an event from one’s personal past. Memories can be false in relatively minor ways, believing one last saw the keys in the kitchen when they were in the livingRead MoreMemory Work With Children By Linda Goldman794 Words   |  4 PagesMemory Work with Children† by Linda Goldman (62) Memory work interventions are great to use with children, since during this time they are starting to form memories. Through memory work children are able to retell their stories and the stories of others, and are able to create new stories or recall memories through making meaningful projects (as stated in Neimeyer, 2012). Through this intervention as Goldman states, â€Å"a bereaved child constructs the deceased though an ongoing cognitive process ofRead MoreDoes Drm Effect Affect Memory?1553 Words   |  7 PagesDRM paradigm has been used to produce false memories in controlled conditions. For our project we used positive and neutral mood inductions to examine an effect on false memories using the DRM lists. Storbeck and Clore (2005) found that negative mood leads to fewer false memories and that there is not effect of positive mood on memory. The current experiment is rested on two hypotheses: one that mood does not affect memory; therefore, accuracy will not differ between t he two conditions. Second hypothesisRead MoreChildhood Memories And Its Effects On Our Lives1173 Words   |  5 PagesWe each have memories, both from long ago and recent times, that we hold dear to us. Memories get us through the hard days and keep us chipper in the good ones. The past is what makes us who we are. It shapes how we act, how we treat others, and simply just what we do on a day to day basis. Memories are the little things that keep this world running smoothly. Imagine what it would be like to lose those memories. What if you were to forget things to the point you were losing your functionality?Read MoreEmotion, Memory, And Decision Making917 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional arousal appears to have a huge effect on processing, memory, and decision making. For memories specifically, we tend to rehearse and review episodes of intense emotions frequently, allowing them to be stronger and more relevant memories (Gluck, 2014). Flashbulb memories suggest that emotion can g reatly increase memory coding, though is still subject to misattribution errors. Still, evidence suggests that emotion can boost memory encoding (Webbe slides). When creating emotional experiencesRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Basic Vital Signs And Cognitive Function Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is recommended. This does not only reduces productivity at work, but also personal well-being and safety. Three college students from the North Carolina State University (Amy Martin, Christine Davis and Young-Mi Oh), designed an independent project to study the impacts of sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation and its negative side effects are the general topics of this article. The purpose of this research was to â€Å"test the effects sleep deprivation on blood pressure, pulse, body temperature,Read MoreHuman Memory : Malleable Memory826 Words   |  4 Pages Malleable Memories Maybe people shouldnt trust their memories. Human Memories From long time ago, humans have tried to find out what memory is, and how it works. But no one thought about that will memories goes wrong. The study of human memory can be traced back 2,300 years, Aristotle first gave his understand and analysis of memory. Everyone knows that memory is an important part of our lives, but it is also one of the most elusive parts of human. If people compare life to a wonderful movie,Read MoreMemories Of A Human Being : Name, Hair Color, Eye Color And Skin Color1288 Words   |  6 Pagesbeing: name, hair color, eye color, skin color. However, memory plays just as big of a role in giving a person his or her identity. Memory tells the likes and dislikes, friends and foes, and pleasant and traumatic experiences of a person. Sometimes, though, the memory can be misleading since the brain is able to repress memories of traumatic experiences. In the 1990s, there was a surge in the amount of curiosity scientists had about repressed memories (Zezima and Carey) because of the many court casesRead MoreHow Music Changed My Life1141 Words   |  5 Pagesearliest memories from my childhood involves m usic. I was only five or six and me and my brother would be coming home from pre-school and daycare. My mom would ask us what we wanted to listen to and we would both yell back â€Å"Our CD!† My mother would laugh and proceed to play a Beethoven CD she kept in the center console of the car. This memory has stuck with me since I was a kid. It has played a major role in my development and was the beginning of my growing passion for music. Since that memory manyRead MoreEyewitness Testimony And Its Impact On The Outcome Of A Trial892 Words   |  4 PagesMind†, eyewitness testimony which relies on the accuracy of human memory, has an enormous impact on the outcome of a trial. Eyewitness testimony is a legal term. During an eyewitness testimony, the witness usually goes into an account of the crime he or she has witnessed. This can include details of the crime or identification of perpetrators. Eyewitness testimony is an important area of research in cognitive psychology and human memory (simplypsychology.com). Eyewitness testimony can be affected by

Introduction To Business Law An Advertising Company

Questions: Assignment You work for an advertising company and are asked to review a holiday package from a brochure before it goes to print. You are asked to provide advice to the advertising company on the legal effect of the representations in the brochure. You are asked to produce a report for management outlining the issues relating to the brochure.Select a package holiday brochure. Read it and analyse it, looking to answer the following questions in your report;1. Identify the key information about the holiday as set out in brochure.2. Critically analyse the package using the principles of contract law found in case law and categorise the statements into representations, terms, conditions and warranties.3. Critically analyse and identify any material in the brochure which is potentially; unconscionable misleading or deceptive false representation bait advertising offers gifts or prizesIn your report explain the effect of these representations having regard to the consumer and consumer prot ection laws. You should outline the law relating to advertising including improper business practices, any legislation regulating advertising, unlawful sales techniques and the powers of enforcement.4. Critically examine the brochure and identify any exclusion or limitation clauses and explain using the principles of contract law whether the clauses would be valid. Answers: 1. Identification of key information about holiday in the sample brochure Section 5 of the Package Travel Regulations suggests that the following components should be present within a holiday brochure: The description of destination Type of transportation to be used The description meals and delicacy included in the package General information about the passport visa requirements The route map of the tour (Ben-Shahar, 2010) The legal obligations pertaining to the cancellation, rescheduling and delay of the tour package (Ukecc.net, 2015) The selected brochure includes the following key information to help the consumers in making a choice about their desired holiday package. Summarized description of the scenic beauty of Croatia and Montenegro The plan of visit including the names and landmarks included in the travel package like free excursions to Dubrovnik, Konvale valley, Montenegro and resorts like Budva and Sveti Stefan. The brochure also includes information about the entertainment activities like availability of bar for 12 hours The information about the transportation offered by the travel company is also mentioned in the brochure. The coordinator informs the travelers that the holiday package will be scheduled though British Airways flights The package details the additional information in relation to the availability of food packages and the availability of travel insurance benefits and single rooms availability at no extra cost. To increase the attractiveness of the package the graphical picture of the resorts in Croatia and Montenegro are also printed on the top of the brochure. 2. Critical analysis of the brochure using principles of contract law As per the norms of the Package Travel, Package holidays and Package Tours Regulations 1992 (PTRs), every supplier of holiday packages must abide by the general terms and conditions of a holiday contract (Brmmelmeyer, 2011). The tour operators design the travel packages keeping in mind the terms of contract. In the sample brochure, the operator includes legal liability for travel insurance and cancellation compensation. These terms shows representation of care, comfort and safety provided by the operator to the travelers. Hence if the travelers encounter any accident in the process of journey then on the grounds of intentional misrepresentation they can claim compensation from the operator. Case law: Stevenson V Four Winds travel: The case showed that representations in a tour operators brochure could create a sense of duty or warranty concerning the guests safety while on tour (Ryan, 1991). According to the UK contract act 1999, every holiday operator should include both express and implied terms within the brochure. The express terms are to be clearly mentioned in a written form in the brochure (Hall, Howells and Watson, 2012). However, the implied terms are nor directly stated in the brochure but implied to be included in the contract. The following brochure includes express terms like: Breakfast, lunch and dinner packages Free bar open for 12 hours a day Single rooms at no cost However as per regulation 15 (1) of the PTRs 1992 the major implied term of the operator is to deliver all express terms with proper care and skill and provide a blissful travel experience (Furmston, Chuah and Willett, 2010). In this brochure, it is implied that the operator will provide high standard food and beverages as per the Food Standards Act 1999, premium hotel service as per the regulations of Association of travel Agents (ABTA) and take proper care of the physical health of the consumers (Schulte-Nolke and Tichy , 2010). As per section 5 of the PRTs the sample brochure does not contain the some of the major express terms like the route map of the travel package, the meals description and delicacy that will be served and the standard if accommodation that will be provided (Tradingstandards.gov.uk, 2015). The consumers availing the holiday packages are required to sign a terms and conditions mentioned along with the travel brochure to agree to the conditions and warranties of the travel as regulated by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). A condition is the major term of the contract, the breach of which gives the innocent party the power to claim compensation and even end the contract. The major condition in the sample brochure is the mention about the limited price offer of the package until October 2012 (Tradingstandards.gov.uk, 2015). However, the brochure fails to mention the prices that will be charged by the operator for additional services. Warranties on the contrary are the minor terms in a contract the breach of which will not entitle the party to end the contract. To maintain the legal safety the operator should also include the following conditions and warranties in the brochure Permissible age limit of the consumers who can avail the travel package Data Protection and privacy maintenance acts Deposits and balances for the holiday package Conditions on non refund of money if the consumer returns early from the tour (Ben-Shahar, 2010) 3. Critical analysis and identification of legal material in the brochure The consumer protection laws 1999 sets out the regulations under the Package and travel Regulations that will help the customer to chose a protected holiday. Regulation 2(1) of the PTRs provides that the holiday package offered should be a combination of transport and accommodation (Furmston, Chuah and Willett, 2010). Section 4 of the PTRs suggests that the holiday must be described in the brochure without any exaggerated statements and any false representations which are not present in reality. Further regulations 12 and 13 of the PTRs provide the customers the opportunity to withdraw from the package if the operator does some last minute cancellations or alterations in the package. In this regard, the customers are legally liable to opt for another substitute package within the same price range. Unconscionable terms As per section 2- 302 of the Uniform Commercial Code the contract is termed to be unconscionable when the terms in the contract do not give choice or bargaining power to one party. It is a one sided contract. The potentially unconscionable term in the sample brochure is the additional inclusion of the excursion to the charming resorts of Budva and Sveti Stefan. The condition in the brochure states that Sveti Stefan peninsula is inaccessible for the public however, the excursions to the resorts at that destination are compulsory. This shows that the travelers get no opportunity of bargaining the excursion (Thomas, 2010). Misleading or deceptive Section 14 of the Trade description Act 1986 provides regulations for the consumers protection from Unfair Trading Regulations. As per the regulations the tour operators should abide by the following rules in relation to brochure information The brochure should not include false or deceptive messages The operator should not leave out any important information about the package from the brochure The operator should prevent using aggressive sales techniques (Hall, Howells and Watson, 2012). In the brochure, the tour operator may face potential legal issues due to exaggerated and false presentation of picture graphics showing a lavish accommodation of the island. Since the actual location and the details about the hotel facilities are not mentioned in the brochure hence under directive 84/450/EC the parties are legally liable to demand for compensation if the accommodation and the location do not comply with the picture on the brochure. Hence, to avoid legality it is advisable to give details about the hotel and resorts facilities in the brochure (Grant, 2012). False representation As per the Fraud act, 2006 a representation is termed to be false if it is untrue and misleading and if the person making the term is aware of the fact. In the brochure, the highly exaggerated description of the destination may arise as a potential falsely represented clause (Suharnoko, 2012). Case law: Yugotours Limited -v- Wadsley(1988) 153 JP 345 In this case the Yugotours holiday brochure advertised a holiday with the tagline Adriatic Island Adventure. The holiday description included the key words like excitement, majestic schooner, sail on board etc with pictures of high quality sailing boards. However, the customers complained that the vessel for sailing did not match the picture in the brochure (Hall, Howells and Watson, 2012). The company was charged under section 14 of the Trade Descriptions Act for making false representations (Segu-Llins and Capell-Cervera, 2006). Bait advertising Section 19 of the Fair Trading Act 1973 states that the operators of a travelling industry are legally prohibited to offer any travel package or goods for sale to the consumers without being able to satisfy the likely demand of the offer. The act is known as bait advertising. The brochure here is offering the travel package of 14 nights at a discounted rate of 899(Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). However, the potential legal obligations arising out of bait advertising shows that the standard of accommodation, which the operator can offer within this price, is not mentioned. Moreover, the non-optional extra charges like the single room charge for an extra single room is also not referred in the brochure. The price of the package after the stipulated period of the special offer is also missing in the brochure. Offers, gifts and prizes The Consumer Protection Act 1987 and the Unfair Trading Practices Regulations 2008 provides the regulations for special offers, gifts and prizes offered by the sellers to the buyers. The regulations state that the seller of the travel packages is legally prohibited to make false limited offer claims for increasing their sales. The limited price offer in the brochure may create a legal obligation for the operator as per the norms of UTP (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). 4. Identification of exclusion and limitation clause As per the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1999 the term that gives restriction on the rights of the contracting parties are known as exclusion clause. There are three types of exclusion clause namely true exclusion clause, limitation clause and time limitation clause. The limitation cluse that is a part of the exclusion clause provides terms that limits the amount of compensation that parties can claim on breach of the contract. In order to reduce the legal liability the tour operator must include the standard exclusion clause within the travel package brochure. Although the exclusion clause is restricting the right of the consumers, however it is also beneficial for the operators in order to avoid false and irrelevant complaints. The sample brochure do not include any exclusion clause. However, the website of Saga shows the booking conditions which includes the following exclusion clauses: The travel operator is not liable for any ocean injuries outside mainland Britain and is not liable to cover any medical expense in this regard One of the potential clause also mentions that the potential age qualification for the travelers of Saga holidays are above 50 years and any if any child or individual below the age level are included in the tour than the company is not liable for their responsibility (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). The potential legal obligation that may arise due to limitation clause is the clause relating to travel insurance and additional cover. As per the norms of the Travel Insurance, the operators can sell travel insurance in the following three manners Policy covering a single trip A yearly policy covering multiple trips within a specific period An ongoing policy that is connected to bank account of the party Insurance which covers worldwide travel or a limited travel (Tradingstandards.gov.uk, 2015) The operator in the brochure has mentioned the option of providing travel insurance without mentioning the limitation clause. The operator in this respect should also mention the exclusion of any pre- existing medical conditions within the insurance terms so that the parties become knowledgeable about their rights and claims. The limitation clause in a travel brochure also includes limits to the compensation claim of the parties in case of any environmental hazards (Mawrey and Riley-Smith, 2012). The brochure here puts a limitation clause on curtailment issue of a holiday due to unavoidable occurrences. Hence, if the operator curtails the time limit of the holiday package then the parties can claim for 50% of the compensation only. Moreover, the avoidance of any responsibility of the children makes it difficult for the parties to avail the tour package because of an uncertainty of the medical assurance. The brochure also has limitation clause on the compensation or responsibility reg arding the loss of baggage or property from the hotel or departure positions. Reference list Bellantuono, G. (2010). The Limits of Contract Law in the Regulatory State.European Review of Contract Law, 6(2). Ben-Shahar, O. (2010). One-Way Contracts: Consumer Protection without Law.European Review of Contract Law, 6(3). Bentley, T. A. and Page, S. J. (2001), Scoping the extent of adventure tourism accidents, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 28, pp. 705-726 Brmmelmeyer, C. (2011). Principles of European Insurance Contract Law.European Review of Contract Law, 7(3). Buckley, R., Witting, M. and Guest, M. 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(1998).Journal of Infection, 36(2), p.A11. Johnson, P. and B. Thomas, (1992), Choice and Demand in Tourism. London: Mansell Publishing Limited. Khoury and Yamouni, (2006) Understanding Contract Law, 7th ed., Butterworths Lexis Nexis, Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Fraud Act 2006. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/35/section/2 [Accessed 20 Feb. 2015]. Mawrey, R. and Riley-Smith, T. (2012).Butterworths commercial and consumer law handbook. London: LexisNexis. Ryan, C. (1991). UK package holiday industry.Tourism Management, 12(1), pp.76-77. Schulte-Nolke, H. and Tichy , L. (2010).Perspectives for European consumer law. Munich: Sellier. European Law Pub. Segu-Llins, M. and Capell-Cervera, J. (2006). Spanish Package Holiday Tourism to China: Spatial Patterns and Tourist Attractions.Tourism Geographies, 8(3), pp.233-252. Suharnoko, (2012). Contract Law in a Comparative Perspective.ILREV, 2(2), p.117. Thomas, J. (2010). Insurance Law Between Business Law and Consumer Law.American Journal of Comparative Law, 58(0), pp.353-367. Tradingstandards.gov.uk, (2015).Gloucestershire Trading Standards - Business Advice - Package tours holidays. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingstandards.gov.uk/cgi-bin/glos/bus1item.cgi?file=*BADV015-1111.txt [Accessed 20 Feb. 2015]. Ukecc.net, (2015).Package travel - UK European Consumer Centre. [online] Available at: https://www.ukecc.net/popular/package-travel.cfm [Accessed 20 Feb. 2015]. Wilks, J. and Corry, M. (2002), Overseas visitor injuries in Queensland hospitals: 1996-2000, Journal of Tourism Studies, vol. 13, pp. 2-8 Wilks, J., Pendergast, D. and Wood, M. (2002), Overseas visitor deaths in Australia: 1997-2000, Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 5, pp. 550-557 Bibliography Bellantuono, G. (2010). The Limits of Contract Law in the Regulatory State.European Review of Contract Law, 6(2). Ben-Shahar, O. (2010). One-Way Contracts: Consumer Protection without Law.European Review of Contract Law, 6(3). Brmmelmeyer, C. (2011). Principles of European Insurance Contract Law.European Review of Contract Law, 7(3). Chen-Wishart, M. (2012).Contract law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Contract: Performance: Legal Holiday. (1902).Michigan Law Review, 1(3), p.227. Evans, M., Shickle, D. and Morgan, M. (2001). Travel Illness in British Package Holiday Tourists: Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of Infection, 43(2), pp.140-147. Furmston, M., Chuah, J. and Willett, C. (2010).Commercial and consumer law. Harlow, England: Pearson Longman. Grant, D. (2012).Holiday law. London: Sweet maxwell. Hall, E., Howells, G. and Watson, J. (2012). The Consumer Rights Directive An Assessment of its Contribution to the Development of European Consumer Contract Law.European Review of Contract Law, 8(2).. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Fraud Act 2006. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/35/section/2 [Accessed 20 Feb. 2015]. Mawrey, R. and Riley-Smith, T. (2012).Butterworths commercial and consumer law handbook. London: LexisNexis. Ryan, C. (1991). UK package holiday industry.Tourism Management, 12(1), pp.76-77. Schulte-Nolke, H. and Tichy , L. (2010).Perspectives for European consumer law. Munich: Sellier. European Law Pub. Segu-Llins, M. and Capell-Cervera, J. (2006). Spanish Package Holiday Tourism to China: Spatial Patterns and Tourist Attractions.Tourism Geographies, 8(3), pp.233-252. Suharnoko, (2012). Contract Law in a Comparative Perspective.ILREV, 2(2), p.117. Thomas, J. (2010). Insurance Law Between Business Law and Consumer Law.American Journal of Comparative Law, 58(0), pp.353-367. Tradingstandards.gov.uk, (2015).Gloucestershire Trading Standards - Business Advice - Package tours holidays. 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